tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8325913522332388022024-03-13T01:09:58.810-07:00Rock PoolingA rock pooling blog of UK sea shores.RainbowNaturehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05648165269403242672noreply@blogger.comBlogger152125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-832591352233238802.post-12381000904230631912020-06-05T08:44:00.000-07:002020-06-05T08:44:27.625-07:00Sea kale on the shingle sea shore Sea kale (Crambe maritima)<br />
Growing high on the shingle shore produces small white flowers in spring. Flowering plants will often be at least 5 years old! Sea kale is commonly encountered along the south coast of England but can be seen elsewhere around the British Isles.<br />
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<br />RainbowNaturehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05648165269403242672noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-832591352233238802.post-87073087305792145612020-04-23T08:23:00.001-07:002020-04-23T08:23:30.737-07:00A changing shore, Norfolk Spring 2020<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-large;">Its not just our daily lives that have been changing over the last few weeks.... the sandy shore at Hemsby has also been changing from shingle to sand, flat to lagoon......</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">This shore really shows what a mobile sand habitat can be like!</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">Depending which day over the last two months you saw this shore you could consider it different biotopes. Really demonstrating that temporal variation should be taken into account when mapping coastal systems.</span><br />
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<br />RainbowNaturehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05648165269403242672noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-832591352233238802.post-76186864199996182272020-04-19T09:40:00.001-07:002020-04-19T09:47:55.781-07:00Embryo Dune success varies along the beach at Winterton, Norfolk<br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">The embryo dunes at Winterton continue to grow, but in Hemsby the winter storms have eroded them away...</span><br />
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RainbowNaturehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05648165269403242672noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-832591352233238802.post-28672042567569831822019-09-10T14:19:00.000-07:002019-09-10T14:19:06.830-07:00Embryo Dunes at Winterton, NorfolkIt is great to see embryo Dunes forming Infront of the main dune system between Hemsby and Winterton. The coast here is subject to erosion but dunes protect the land behind. I hope these dunes will one day grow up like those behind!<br />
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RainbowNaturehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05648165269403242672noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-832591352233238802.post-48347364362030408692019-01-09T22:03:00.000-08:002019-01-09T22:03:46.343-08:00Red Seaweed Identification<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">A diverse array of red seaweeds occur within the intertidal many of which require specialist terminology and equipment to identify them. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The following posts include </span>images of common red seaweed groups and seaweeds that can be identified in the field.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The first step in identifying red seaweeds is to be able to recognize the major groups, then try to recognize the family and note the habitat in which the seaweed is found. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The most commonly recorded red seaweeds belong to the following orders:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Ahnfeltiales, Bangiales, Bonnemaisoniales, Ceramiales, <span style="line-height: 16.8667px;">Corallinales, </span>Gigartinales, </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 16.8667px;">Gelidiales, </span></span><span style="line-height: 16.8667px;">Palmariales, </span><span style="line-height: 16.8667px;">Plocamiales, </span><span style="line-height: 16.8667px;">Nemaliales and </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Rhodymeniales.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The orders Ceramiales, <span style="line-height: 16.8667px;">Corallinales, </span>Gigartinales and Rhodymeniales contain the highest </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> number of common intertidal red seaweeds.</span></div>
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<tr><td><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj10yRn4Ax1D_b345j7MSl960NIYcg0pVEIUDiQ5XvH8StfcghyphenhyphenusqSuscuyzvFhZVXa4UTXi4dMLGx5vdLtxdSISEUmUiWnDIQFaR8tVsE_rR1PA40D5zjec_U2EciE9jj2E3bep_lCZU/s1600/IMGP7400.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj10yRn4Ax1D_b345j7MSl960NIYcg0pVEIUDiQ5XvH8StfcghyphenhyphenusqSuscuyzvFhZVXa4UTXi4dMLGx5vdLtxdSISEUmUiWnDIQFaR8tVsE_rR1PA40D5zjec_U2EciE9jj2E3bep_lCZU/s1600/IMGP7400.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;">A tree weed - Washed up onto the shore at Great Yarmouth, Norfolk December 2014</td></tr>
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RainbowNaturehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05648165269403242672noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-832591352233238802.post-58075517956916947492018-01-08T06:47:00.000-08:002018-01-08T06:47:17.585-08:00Rockpooling with CoCoast and the barnacle survey!<h3 style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">A New year and a great time to get involved in rockpooling and citizen science by joining the cocoast barnacle survey!!</span></h3>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4Ii_0ElMgrIp_xlvW2KSDVvbs_Rb67NwziFHSF3J50v1317Cbs4sfUh1b4Xx46_YQ7ag_auZ8QCfysP-54WY-F5bR9RPZr_iURGtDQZvVDSbK3MuceMjzVFaaf-C0PxQsMeW7GNwXD5M-/s1600/Capture.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" data-original-height="316" data-original-width="393" height="257" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4Ii_0ElMgrIp_xlvW2KSDVvbs_Rb67NwziFHSF3J50v1317Cbs4sfUh1b4Xx46_YQ7ag_auZ8QCfysP-54WY-F5bR9RPZr_iURGtDQZvVDSbK3MuceMjzVFaaf-C0PxQsMeW7GNwXD5M-/s320/Capture.PNG" width="320" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">To find out more visit: https://www.capturingourcoast.co.uk/</span>RainbowNaturehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05648165269403242672noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-832591352233238802.post-63972996497754074092017-06-04T22:27:00.000-07:002017-06-04T22:27:51.884-07:00Characterizing species of the upper eulittoal shore<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">The upper eulittoral shore hosts species that can with stand exposure to the atmosphere, many have adaptations to reduce water loss. Lichens are tough and barnacles and limpets occur in close proximity to create cooler, damper micro climates.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">The communities you find on the upper eulittoral shore will differ depending on the wave exposure.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Below are images of characterizing species of the upper eulittoral shore:</span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNnjqINflfY5HwSHPI-PkezKYsxSD9FAfDzcxAtY2Lc-a1g4HGzMPVYWQN6Fmgw_m2XXn9JcVrJz2SFBZPjdI_4kJMVPQp9m6f6ToFBrOZtX-dZR15I4-UkBckm4FYFB7z4PgJpOF2BGbp/s1600/8.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNnjqINflfY5HwSHPI-PkezKYsxSD9FAfDzcxAtY2Lc-a1g4HGzMPVYWQN6Fmgw_m2XXn9JcVrJz2SFBZPjdI_4kJMVPQp9m6f6ToFBrOZtX-dZR15I4-UkBckm4FYFB7z4PgJpOF2BGbp/s400/8.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><i>Fucus spiralis </i>occurs on sheltered to moderately exposed shores</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgG1LPaIwVTYRBb5DGRWKJ6EOBoP4PJpN6gfbyHC9CD7U6kzZhd1olkhvfSkNrV7RKOXzb5X6k9Q6SfC8S5JrG3itVYuCDXof77r1NwN3pSNcRUlbY42xPD-dDSIM1i7vW36RH-cscuthtB/s1600/IMGP1625.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgG1LPaIwVTYRBb5DGRWKJ6EOBoP4PJpN6gfbyHC9CD7U6kzZhd1olkhvfSkNrV7RKOXzb5X6k9Q6SfC8S5JrG3itVYuCDXof77r1NwN3pSNcRUlbY42xPD-dDSIM1i7vW36RH-cscuthtB/s400/IMGP1625.JPG" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">On more exposed shores barnacles and shallow coralline rockpools occur.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxz1RLrXtzXU6Bp9AZTwyOUCJx_gaXIdNdDjb1Q5VQmN4YTXELyaRHUkp5u-hPmZQaELI2f93n4K-ouAuo-9ICHLqBr_pMtz6asDi-LannL3PEbkxrYSZiqAyUFSISPcmEwEkloqIqYWwy/s1600/11.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxz1RLrXtzXU6Bp9AZTwyOUCJx_gaXIdNdDjb1Q5VQmN4YTXELyaRHUkp5u-hPmZQaELI2f93n4K-ouAuo-9ICHLqBr_pMtz6asDi-LannL3PEbkxrYSZiqAyUFSISPcmEwEkloqIqYWwy/s400/11.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><i>Lichina pygmaea</i> and small periwinkles (<i>Melarhaphe neritoides</i>) occur among the barnacles on South West shores.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><i>Mytilus edulis </i>also occur in low numbers</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Often seaweeds from the sublittoral are washed up onto the upper eulittoral shore.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">In summer <i>porphyra</i> sp can cover upper eulittoral shore rock.</span></td></tr>
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RainbowNaturehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05648165269403242672noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-832591352233238802.post-80943745921761013732017-05-10T13:58:00.000-07:002017-05-10T15:16:57.855-07:00Rockpooling destination: Dorset April 2017<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The rocky shore comprises shelving bedrock that forms a series of ridges that extend into the sea. Fucoids and ephemeral greens lace the ridges, whilst in between, seaweed covered gravel and shingle dominate the channels. </span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidAuBdPmkfqg5kRNQWMn9v_jH0m2y7P2AsAFgAalyk5T2Wvahul-EeL_GkkeVtoT-EJze_7vyxAMv6qzFJ4h1t8WvY6Cb6nTKarJgBWcY-B3xsXXNfiL3kgg6m0gdw3wZKPJhT9eMrlUPu/s1600/WP_20170422_08_57_41_Pro.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="356" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidAuBdPmkfqg5kRNQWMn9v_jH0m2y7P2AsAFgAalyk5T2Wvahul-EeL_GkkeVtoT-EJze_7vyxAMv6qzFJ4h1t8WvY6Cb6nTKarJgBWcY-B3xsXXNfiL3kgg6m0gdw3wZKPJhT9eMrlUPu/s640/WP_20170422_08_57_41_Pro.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">The rocky shore is comprised of shelving bed rock</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAxUMPR6uVWJ-uSdyS2NE0kh5mxv1xSz00pIPT-UBmhPvK1g-Ws-3lc8ShqFviNN-pwvzhCs_Ad-tbjvrlGvYV2eF16d8xODeUpCkMpv0uOGaIt3zEcexyeSMGDcOJrKOgPS-4c989SrIB/s1600/WP_20170422_08_57_54_Pro.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAxUMPR6uVWJ-uSdyS2NE0kh5mxv1xSz00pIPT-UBmhPvK1g-Ws-3lc8ShqFviNN-pwvzhCs_Ad-tbjvrlGvYV2eF16d8xODeUpCkMpv0uOGaIt3zEcexyeSMGDcOJrKOgPS-4c989SrIB/s640/WP_20170422_08_57_54_Pro.jpg" width="358" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Washed up fucoids form a strand line</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJmSFdlqBLlNOpitvWr8BdOQL_eeYNiCZzJ7ENwMQXk-dEORa4Z7G_JSW_jUtuzmRFlCYdf1YtIhKMXCEoq_MgKh_Ayhk6XQ5h0pZTsqezScBGKzuirFjOf24Ubx50RpKwj6Vx58u9EYkO/s1600/WP_20170422_08_41_17_Pro.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJmSFdlqBLlNOpitvWr8BdOQL_eeYNiCZzJ7ENwMQXk-dEORa4Z7G_JSW_jUtuzmRFlCYdf1YtIhKMXCEoq_MgKh_Ayhk6XQ5h0pZTsqezScBGKzuirFjOf24Ubx50RpKwj6Vx58u9EYkO/s640/WP_20170422_08_41_17_Pro.jpg" width="358" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Seaweeds exhibit zonation across the shore</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Ephemeral green seaweeds form patches on the shore </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQqlP85ta0egznFH0fehvs3wR4DLKH-DNvZRzNuMoAhGWW0h1JO67NructCTcLbqHg8EQZGBkD1BZdszxRDAorbbEDIWB9l8v5j_VTJWBueP-9BXxShRp99sUAZDc9jIFm3Zr7DI0dqmzX/s1600/WP_20170422_08_58_47_Pro.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQqlP85ta0egznFH0fehvs3wR4DLKH-DNvZRzNuMoAhGWW0h1JO67NructCTcLbqHg8EQZGBkD1BZdszxRDAorbbEDIWB9l8v5j_VTJWBueP-9BXxShRp99sUAZDc9jIFm3Zr7DI0dqmzX/s640/WP_20170422_08_58_47_Pro.jpg" width="358" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Barnacles and ephemeral green seaweed </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><i>Fucus serratus </i>and <i>Fucus vesiculosus</i> co-occur on sections of the shore</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Beneath which are found understorey seaweeds such as the green seaweed,<i> Cladophor</i>a sp, Corallinacea crusts and turf forming red seaweeds.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Fauna and seaweeds beneath the fucoid canopy</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Coralline algae are found beneath the fucoid canopy within rockpools.</span></td></tr>
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RainbowNaturehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05648165269403242672noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-832591352233238802.post-24278995599963641542016-11-30T04:26:00.001-08:002016-12-01T08:51:46.458-08:00Storms bring up peaty wood remains!! <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinpXi1evc-HY5wutCM5sQIH9cPJyydA3DwnXGuebfhCYgWCd-uvuL1mY8YbAoiHLK9y36JJCbMIR-Hup0Q8ye6QqpnakzYjfzDKRr5OHga6AFWNpleLoGS-bX1dX32Lstu-L79iQLZmlSW/s1600/WP_20161119_10_35_54_Pro.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinpXi1evc-HY5wutCM5sQIH9cPJyydA3DwnXGuebfhCYgWCd-uvuL1mY8YbAoiHLK9y36JJCbMIR-Hup0Q8ye6QqpnakzYjfzDKRr5OHga6AFWNpleLoGS-bX1dX32Lstu-L79iQLZmlSW/s640/WP_20161119_10_35_54_Pro.jpg" width="358" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Winter storms have brought up peat and semi- fossilised tree remains that aggregated among the strand line that otherwise comprised a variety of washed up bryozoan species. The peaty wood remains give an indication of the vast tracts of woodland and swamps that once stretched between East Anglia and continental Europe. </span></div>
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<br />RainbowNaturehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05648165269403242672noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-832591352233238802.post-67302359368421181082016-11-09T09:06:00.002-08:002016-11-09T09:06:30.717-08:00Rockpooling destination: Revisit West Penwith, June 2016<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">The rocky shore is comprised of boulders and bedrock with rockpools, crevices and gullies. Habitat classification: LR.HLR (High energy littoral rock) EUNIS: A1.1 , LR.FLR.Rkp (Rockpools) EUNIS:A1.41 and </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">LR.FLR.Lic.(Lichens on supralittoral and littoral fringe rock)</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"> EUNIS: B3.11</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: medium;">The rocky shore is a high energy environment comprised of boulders and bedrock with rock pools, crevices and gullies.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: medium;">The high energy environment of the shore leads to an extended lichen zone, that descends over much of the boulder field, which apart from Littorinids is relatively barren. Patches of lichens extend further down into the barnacle communities, which dominate from the upper to lower shore, inter-dispersed by shallow coralline rockpools in the mid shore, and deeper cobble filled rockpools on the lower shore. As the low tide mark is reached wave tolerant seaweeds lace the gullies.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: medium;">Habitat classification:</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">Substrate<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">LR (Littoral rock)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">Habitat<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">LR.HLR (High energy littoral rock)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">LR.FLR (Features of littoral rock)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">Biotope complex<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">LR.HLR. MusB (Mussel and/or barnacle communities)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">LR.HLR.FR (Robust fucoid and/or red seaweed communities)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;"> LR.FLR.Lic.(Lichens on supralittoral and littoral fringe rock).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">LR.FLR.Rkp (Rockpools)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">Biotope<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">LR.HLR.MusB.Cht (Chthamalus sp on exposed upper eulittoral rock)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">LR.HLR.MusB.Sem (Semibalanus balanoides on exposed to moderately exposed or vertical sheltered eulittoral rock)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">LR.FLR.Lic.Ver (Verrucaria Maura on littoral fringe rock)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">LR.FLR.Lic.YG (Yellow and grey lichens on supralittoral rock)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">LR.FLR.Rkp.Cor (Coralline crust dominated shallow eulittoral rockpools)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: medium;">Below are images of the organisms you may encounter in these habitats:</span><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small; text-align: start;">Among the mobile boulders and bedrock of the littoral fringe are populations of rough and small periwinkles with occasional limpets on the lower littoral. </span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small; text-align: start;">In this high energy environment organisms are confined to crevices and nooks, where they are buffeted from the full force of the waves and potential dislodgement. Habitat classification: </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"> </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">LR.FLR.Lic.(Lichens on supralittoral and littoral fringe rock) EUNIS: B3.11</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">During winter storms slabs of granite were broken away from the bedrock. Now in June this rock has not yet been colonised. </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyvCybjnuKae8lt17l0xLRUYRMOf-EESn4gpdiUgdUmaCnXH_HHjRFQYehKbQQb2eGVnqWvxc6tWBgLcMvu9O9g-RXG9DUTvCdF7Db9tisZ-xpLLg2fBqRhLK0LRO8siV6Xgjxv7AwRw_4/s1600/IMGP1160cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="278" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyvCybjnuKae8lt17l0xLRUYRMOf-EESn4gpdiUgdUmaCnXH_HHjRFQYehKbQQb2eGVnqWvxc6tWBgLcMvu9O9g-RXG9DUTvCdF7Db9tisZ-xpLLg2fBqRhLK0LRO8siV6Xgjxv7AwRw_4/s640/IMGP1160cr.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small; text-align: start;">The same area of bedrock in March 2016.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXq-1YG29zDD5iCTqwbSAYYpBhNUtdGEhEFDhSy2N-94Gzb0-_cHC2EeWYvLfYtkS7RvSlBecVkZVX8JK-3fNm7ihsfcOR6xTTCqH8unRJk9WytFu3rc7t5BpTgiWuzE94ZbVAjEFTUfV-/s1600/IMG_5353.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="283" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXq-1YG29zDD5iCTqwbSAYYpBhNUtdGEhEFDhSy2N-94Gzb0-_cHC2EeWYvLfYtkS7RvSlBecVkZVX8JK-3fNm7ihsfcOR6xTTCqH8unRJk9WytFu3rc7t5BpTgiWuzE94ZbVAjEFTUfV-/s640/IMG_5353.JPG" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small; text-align: justify;">The exposed uppershore bedrock is covered in dense barnacles, with crevices jammed by mussels, anemones and coralline seaweeds. Small periwinkles occur among the barnacles, seeking shelter within the dead barnacle tests. The black lichen </span><i style="font-family: "helvetica neue", arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;">Lichina pygmaea</i><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small; text-align: justify;"> forms tufts on the upper rock. All these organisms are characteristic of the biotope: LR.HLR.MUSb.CHT (</span><i style="font-family: "helvetica neue", arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;">Chthamalus </i><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small; text-align: justify;">sp on exposed upper eulittoral rock) EUNIS: A1.112. Darted among this habitat are small coralline rockpools. </span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Habitat classification: LR.FLR.Rkp.Cor (Coralline crust dominated shallow eulittoral rockpools) EUNIS:A1.411.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6gwrVQeMkjGwbxOVxHY7vKqyFaWRe-kKGb1N0oYHVXN0F7tErrj6ORzwG7rs9xjnIbKkT_lm45y7pyoAnkAjpN2EU95JiuaXDw4CUV63IoQR2QByhrDNxOXPfalhPAQPrqggdfOlPSTAn/s1600/IMG_5359.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="301" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6gwrVQeMkjGwbxOVxHY7vKqyFaWRe-kKGb1N0oYHVXN0F7tErrj6ORzwG7rs9xjnIbKkT_lm45y7pyoAnkAjpN2EU95JiuaXDw4CUV63IoQR2QByhrDNxOXPfalhPAQPrqggdfOlPSTAn/s400/IMG_5359.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i style="font-family: "helvetica neue", arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;">Lichina pygmaea</i><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small; text-align: justify;"> forms tufts of varying density</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-HHOWBO0GsHr8AiQH5qmQvRh58Fo7L5HDF5wbDTb14vW9tzmBnuiNioBLgt-_E_K6_RaecWJB4K5JUCwpZnX-p3iH5H1-Yd8n4Fsswl6Cvfcz5a_CNTpHcl8Lyf4YUaF8vlSBw-MlSHVV/s1600/IMG_5356.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-HHOWBO0GsHr8AiQH5qmQvRh58Fo7L5HDF5wbDTb14vW9tzmBnuiNioBLgt-_E_K6_RaecWJB4K5JUCwpZnX-p3iH5H1-Yd8n4Fsswl6Cvfcz5a_CNTpHcl8Lyf4YUaF8vlSBw-MlSHVV/s400/IMG_5356.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">During the summer months rockpools experience prolific growth of ephemeral green seaweeds.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisM4Yr2Vyswp4XTNAsfHzNb3xarwFhCW4yCkvssTxtMZ8JymAm36QJoVJnpWR944V_6Vs_oLKFe4TnSJiWQgAUBEUpAfWhxloaOC_TMmCrq53wuzRVWXInGaY_eICexbWA3nDYAS8_aX5c/s1600/IMG_5366.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisM4Yr2Vyswp4XTNAsfHzNb3xarwFhCW4yCkvssTxtMZ8JymAm36QJoVJnpWR944V_6Vs_oLKFe4TnSJiWQgAUBEUpAfWhxloaOC_TMmCrq53wuzRVWXInGaY_eICexbWA3nDYAS8_aX5c/s400/IMG_5366.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"> The distribution of the ephemeral green seaweeds can be patchy.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8GNfThtR0F92AmYoZNoLnWuYClo-4Q8aDAsHJQOMVoO1NAMG1hTgJtprx57TyZe99UHNs3QaG13q2BhzHOooHTnD2xdubDOhsjQwa0oqOmTmqdgnvQvwTtOZrxsKKcqQezCHIpY3IZ5OR/s1600/IMG_5354.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8GNfThtR0F92AmYoZNoLnWuYClo-4Q8aDAsHJQOMVoO1NAMG1hTgJtprx57TyZe99UHNs3QaG13q2BhzHOooHTnD2xdubDOhsjQwa0oqOmTmqdgnvQvwTtOZrxsKKcqQezCHIpY3IZ5OR/s400/IMG_5354.JPG" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">In many cases the ephemeral green seaweeds dominate the coralline rockpools.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBPvkTmhZOm2Lf1QjMJS4h9SewTMWNXn_Flk95xOS106WpOSFjpyKQFI31DDSTzsRC0ZfU7wcei1j0X0PRPHDWixDpvHc6JdPOO2eUDae9b8zrp72jryCK5dBLLepUbW8CAHS3vtpetxgP/s1600/IMG_5355.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBPvkTmhZOm2Lf1QjMJS4h9SewTMWNXn_Flk95xOS106WpOSFjpyKQFI31DDSTzsRC0ZfU7wcei1j0X0PRPHDWixDpvHc6JdPOO2eUDae9b8zrp72jryCK5dBLLepUbW8CAHS3vtpetxgP/s400/IMG_5355.JPG" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Ephemeral green seaweeds come to dominate many of the shallow rockpools during the summer months.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSiYdQIFjtj-ey_EjAIwsNGOMTGNji6I9KGZLfnKfCTOQEj6IU61zzlXxk7ZCiZNUMKsQG3_vGfe8rKh_8_cWBS-oZ-3wjyIcD41T8uQnpbu0irBrsSTG1LycPeEgjVQnetdLOsqfixnLd/s1600/IMG_5365.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSiYdQIFjtj-ey_EjAIwsNGOMTGNji6I9KGZLfnKfCTOQEj6IU61zzlXxk7ZCiZNUMKsQG3_vGfe8rKh_8_cWBS-oZ-3wjyIcD41T8uQnpbu0irBrsSTG1LycPeEgjVQnetdLOsqfixnLd/s400/IMG_5365.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: helvetica neue, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">The coralline rockpools of the mid and lower eulittoral support a greater diversity of seaweeds than the upper, including </span><i style="font-family: "helvetica neue", arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Bifurcaria bifurcata</i><span style="font-family: helvetica neue, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">,</span><i style="font-family: "helvetica neue", arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"> Corallina officinalis</i><span style="font-family: helvetica neue, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">, coralinaceae crusts and ephemeral green seaweeds, along with beadlet anemones, china limpets, flat topshells and thick topshells. Habitat classification</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">:</span></span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"> LR.FLR.Rkp.Cor.Bif (<i>Bifurcaria bifurcata</i> in
shallow eulittoral rockpools) Eunis A1.4113</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYjxYmlapCqsuuLV4Lg-c0CGwBzZut0XIcu1JdLzIPxsGfjlDQ63cE-w-py4gaUD-ryO46Vg3qD0JDwYgtn3eyeRBO5SbTC4Y7t6Rx7OcD85tQV5bO6l6OyUxN-WIqmRIHd4H5wkErX0Wz/s1600/IMG_5373.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYjxYmlapCqsuuLV4Lg-c0CGwBzZut0XIcu1JdLzIPxsGfjlDQ63cE-w-py4gaUD-ryO46Vg3qD0JDwYgtn3eyeRBO5SbTC4Y7t6Rx7OcD85tQV5bO6l6OyUxN-WIqmRIHd4H5wkErX0Wz/s400/IMG_5373.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><i>Bifurcaria bifurcata</i> in a shallow coralline eulittoral rockpool</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgX-vJoeEKd39QAhqY92IralvSr-FsRh-xq_lHR31OAVHPESAhz9DEI6wsJ8U4EyW0HbY6WcbHPOS30FMTLT6pVtuhhJqW0CXYmIQeECwi-sU8hvJ4Makr1_t6FTKC5JDC3PBcz0rRD3EzF/s1600/IMG_5374.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgX-vJoeEKd39QAhqY92IralvSr-FsRh-xq_lHR31OAVHPESAhz9DEI6wsJ8U4EyW0HbY6WcbHPOS30FMTLT6pVtuhhJqW0CXYmIQeECwi-sU8hvJ4Makr1_t6FTKC5JDC3PBcz0rRD3EzF/s400/IMG_5374.JPG" width="296" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Compared to March there are a greater diversity of ephemeral and seasonal seaweeds, including </span><i style="font-family: "helvetica neue", arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;">Scytosiphon lomentaria</i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiAic3Z9yjiLuT2-itODxlHVoUDU2oEUG6P7PaYCuP3a9gxku8EXbBcObLWOsfK_EXf4CHduHRIB61b5VzwD6Y8u2o2iLZzGJr_iWu6jrNOuKinw91_8Z6Qc1ZJBJT38NnPvYNFzYH09zh/s1600/IMG_5378.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="357" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiAic3Z9yjiLuT2-itODxlHVoUDU2oEUG6P7PaYCuP3a9gxku8EXbBcObLWOsfK_EXf4CHduHRIB61b5VzwD6Y8u2o2iLZzGJr_iWu6jrNOuKinw91_8Z6Qc1ZJBJT38NnPvYNFzYH09zh/s400/IMG_5378.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">On the sections of moderately exposed lower shore the diversity of seaweeds on the exposed bedrock also increases.</span></td></tr>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFOI8r-LOCPNCMbR7xfh13iRQOkspDhI3PPCaBjWWrCq27QN30Xx2UbK-xMUsSkR4K4GCNUA02tZ1tI5WXp6TrKxtFNY8tn04YR4CygPdAFkR_w_aQsMFhcMWu_h8rjlkPk1qnUMUf7MVn/s1600/IMG_5387.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="223" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFOI8r-LOCPNCMbR7xfh13iRQOkspDhI3PPCaBjWWrCq27QN30Xx2UbK-xMUsSkR4K4GCNUA02tZ1tI5WXp6TrKxtFNY8tn04YR4CygPdAFkR_w_aQsMFhcMWu_h8rjlkPk1qnUMUf7MVn/s400/IMG_5387.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">In these areas the abundance of barnacles is lower and the abundance of topshells, anemones, limpets,</span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small; text-align: start;"> fucoids and red seaweeds increase.</span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small; text-align: start;"> </span><o:p style="font-family: "helvetica neue", arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium; text-align: start;"></o:p><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small; text-align: start;">Habitat classification: LR.MUSb.Sem (</span><i style="font-family: "helvetica neue", arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium; text-align: start;">Semibalanus balanoides</i><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small; text-align: start;"> on exposed to moderately exposed or vertical sheltered eulittoral rock) EUNIS: A1.113.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXJN4QAryKM16p28QLIGt63WrSRQDRr4Y3-XCAzu1HVDUt-uuET5SSPBKcFzG_o9mFQrnO25mXkIvTyD_lz3rP4q34OSRUp53d4R2A7eBYjFp8Mb6DlJnz0xNl9OCovySPJIEZWUIHYjbj/s1600/IMG_5402.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="315" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXJN4QAryKM16p28QLIGt63WrSRQDRr4Y3-XCAzu1HVDUt-uuET5SSPBKcFzG_o9mFQrnO25mXkIvTyD_lz3rP4q34OSRUp53d4R2A7eBYjFp8Mb6DlJnz0xNl9OCovySPJIEZWUIHYjbj/s400/IMG_5402.JPG" width="400" /></a><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Red seaweed 'turfs' form between damp crevices and beneath overhangs.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOCr_IvK6EyrhkhGjSpzCH0ZNuiE5s07Xdacwn8UfpP7nhLKkwQ44JfoNK45NDT75DqACUV96XEdUex__3Q8fugCbB1yS4d_JGLTWIAsEsLbosaEkJFF0OUZGSKSU5CkcGT6IyHCpCqN7N/s1600/IMG_5398.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOCr_IvK6EyrhkhGjSpzCH0ZNuiE5s07Xdacwn8UfpP7nhLKkwQ44JfoNK45NDT75DqACUV96XEdUex__3Q8fugCbB1yS4d_JGLTWIAsEsLbosaEkJFF0OUZGSKSU5CkcGT6IyHCpCqN7N/s400/IMG_5398.JPG" width="400" /></a><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRzHGhC-mtgUPwki6-Tt91wkCZ3EDS_iSkEnFrPq4mxgM0tvghWKE048absragCspeT71dweyacDfD66_Ar7CGp3BxqW3TrIem6E2u_8MfVd-FfPogYjrynUpIPMEFLS5efIKfyQQt9mFr/s1600/IMG_5386.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRzHGhC-mtgUPwki6-Tt91wkCZ3EDS_iSkEnFrPq4mxgM0tvghWKE048absragCspeT71dweyacDfD66_Ar7CGp3BxqW3TrIem6E2u_8MfVd-FfPogYjrynUpIPMEFLS5efIKfyQQt9mFr/s400/IMG_5386.JPG" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">The highest diversity of life is still found within the rockpools and on the lower shore were there is an explosion of seaweeds!</span></td></tr>
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<br />RainbowNaturehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05648165269403242672noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-832591352233238802.post-91174178068490134292016-09-26T09:58:00.002-07:002016-09-26T10:01:22.204-07:00Common anemones of the shore<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Anemones are some of the most colourful organism of the shore. Usually found within rockpools or crevices, anemones belong to the Anthozoa and posses stinging tentacles with which they trap and catch their prey. Out of water anemones look like bobs of jelly but when immersed their tentacles come out and they look quite different! Below is a guide to some of the common intertidal anemones of UK shores.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><span style="text-align: left;">Beadlet anemone (</span><i style="text-align: left;">Actina equina</i><span style="text-align: left;">)</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">This is the most commonly encountered anemone on the shore and can be found on open rock, in crevices, beneath overhangs or in rockpools. It comes in a variety of colours and sizes.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Beadlet anemones on a harbour wall</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Beadlet anemones look like blobs of jelly when out of water</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">They come in a variety of colours, including red, orange and green be carfeul as in some areas of the country green ones can represent a similar species!</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">When they are immersed in water, blue 'beads' can be seen encircling the column.</span></div>
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<b style="font-size: 12.8px;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Strawberry anemone (</span><i style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;">Actinia fragacea</i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">)</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The body of a strawberry anemone is spotty and looks a bit like a strawberry!</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Snakelocks anemone (</span><i style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Anemonia viridis</i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">)</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">These anemones are usually encountered within rockpools and sometimes attached to seaweed. It can appear green or pinkish</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Gem anemone (</span><i style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Aulactinia verrucosa</i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">)</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">This anemones is usually found in rockpools with sand and pebbles, which is occur amongst making it sometimes hard to spot!</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The column has rows of white dots.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Dahlia Anemone (<i>Urticina felina</i>) </span></b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: center;">The Dahlia anemone is the largest anemone encountered on the shore and often found in rockpools beneath boulder over hangs.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">When the Dahlia anemones withdraws its tentacles its column that is covered in sand and shell can be seen. </span></div>
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<i style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Anthopleura sp</b></span></i></div>
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<i style="font-size: 12.8px; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b>Cereus pedunculatus</b></span></i></div>
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<b><i>Anemones</i></b></div>
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<br />RainbowNaturehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05648165269403242672noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-832591352233238802.post-57973348179445233472016-07-20T13:28:00.000-07:002016-07-20T13:28:09.546-07:00Rockpooling Destination: Revisit Lands End Peninsula, June 2016<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-align: justify;">Steep cliffs surround the bay, the lower craggy edges covered in lichens. The cliff bases and steeper bedrock transition between the lichen and barnacle communities with limpets, periwinkles and whelks. Boulders and bedrock on the shore host a similar barnacle community plus a variety of seaweeds, including where sand scour is event, ephemeral seaweeds. Rockpools occur sporadically </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-align: justify;">throughout </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-align: justify;">the shore, and a river flows downs from the cliffs.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 18px; text-align: justify;"><br /></span><span style="line-height: 18px; text-align: justify;">The bay experiences a dynamic regime, alternating between periods of erosion (stony) and deposition (sandy)</span><span style="text-align: justify;">.</span><span style="line-height: 18px; text-align: justify;">The underlying substrate is boulders and bedrock, however, variable amounts of sand may be deposited on top, sourced from the sand bar situated offshore. The communities encountered reflect the alternation between these regimes.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Please see previous blog posts:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">http://thesaltyscavenger.blogspot.co.uk/2016/06/rockpooling-destination-lands-end.html</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">http://thesaltyscavenger.blogspot.co.uk/2015/10/rockpooling-destination-revisit-to.html</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">http://thesaltyscavenger.blogspot.nl/2015/07/rockpooling-destination-revisit-lands.html</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">http://thesaltyscavenger.blogspot.nl/2014/05/revisit-lands-end-peninsular-april-2014.html</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">http://thesaltyscavenger.blogspot.nl/2014/02/rockpooling-destination-lands-end.html</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">For the past <span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">21 months</span> the shore has been stony and a series of rockpooling visits has documented the slow colonisation and succession of the sea shore communities of the newly available substrate. Now the shore is <span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">experiencing</span> increased sand deposition <span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">which is <span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">influencing</span> the communities previously documented. </span></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Notably, </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">increased sand deposition and reduced seaweed cover and the infill of many of the sediment filled rockpools.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Below are images showing the change in sediments and habitats observed since April 2015/ March 2016.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbHYXJGA5PFnNjzKagOfR93hMhWG5YUI7oNEB7nUxgEPF9i9N-5rqRXSx8DkSBudkHaVEnlDO68yN3gXs7XDYVRdA3rXjCdbd21Ozzb6n6piIkhplbeS6s1WTh8bGd8d_KAqwRnGUZ-O8M/s1600/IMGP0093cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbHYXJGA5PFnNjzKagOfR93hMhWG5YUI7oNEB7nUxgEPF9i9N-5rqRXSx8DkSBudkHaVEnlDO68yN3gXs7XDYVRdA3rXjCdbd21Ozzb6n6piIkhplbeS6s1WTh8bGd8d_KAqwRnGUZ-O8M/s640/IMGP0093cr.jpg" width="640" /></a><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The shore in June 2016, shows an increased fucoid and ephemeral seaweed cover since March, 2015.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGR3IeTucM0cXRNbMmW2KFmibAHAn2QC8Bh-JuT2hcX6T_ujeHpMajFUN2bKPUcn2OJEYdlzyNMB734uPDa2Ggx2BQIrHTw_a6uStyqJj-cPqituotlUaoMFNMM5VfgaoJqn5RoAUwPqky/s1600/IMGP1117CR.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="217" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGR3IeTucM0cXRNbMmW2KFmibAHAn2QC8Bh-JuT2hcX6T_ujeHpMajFUN2bKPUcn2OJEYdlzyNMB734uPDa2Ggx2BQIrHTw_a6uStyqJj-cPqituotlUaoMFNMM5VfgaoJqn5RoAUwPqky/s640/IMGP1117CR.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr align="justify"><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.8px;"><span style="font-size: small;">The rocky shore </span></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small; text-align: center;">in March 2016 exhibits</span><span style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"> increased sand deposition, reduced seaweed cover and rockpool occurrence since June 2015.</span></span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="380" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLOQa_qKE0wYYLVNqBds9T1mkKjjldPRGN4IqEoe5VWbcP9LBWLPvUq5G7KUoTXIJ-JerNw3eNlfLGnjpYq6-BhJkmCCZNAvRikp6a3SGuqvaHrd0VZvQcUnYYAJqIgapS1lsSiMKrWzs/s640/IMGP1054.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="640" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 10.24px;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">The shore in June 2015 is predominantly comprised of bedrock and boulders and has an increased seaweed cover and rockpool occurrence. </span></div>
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<tr><td><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhW3_tbrHHkL8whMlmA9L91f1SlZMzrMiyNStsKIVtGowtF1omtMFk2G7XYc_wpKhPA4f3QXc9tQ2Py0APiTL68eX2012DrcUtpNsc4mvz3B8Wtj-njLxjqn4G3vT_O1lCOHbpnU8vPmJw/s1600/IMGP0067+%25282%2529.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhW3_tbrHHkL8whMlmA9L91f1SlZMzrMiyNStsKIVtGowtF1omtMFk2G7XYc_wpKhPA4f3QXc9tQ2Py0APiTL68eX2012DrcUtpNsc4mvz3B8Wtj-njLxjqn4G3vT_O1lCOHbpnU8vPmJw/s400/IMGP0067+%25282%2529.JPG" width="400" /></span></a></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">This photograph taken in September 2015 shows the typical Fucoid and ephemeral seaweed communities that covered the bedrock and boulders of the shore which has now been mostly covered by sand.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKWcZuq8PzSwjaLG4iO4-E8b1vP5puz1H0hJ01OkAEPgBjMEgz0oKx1j0LsWC5uDoL__rdUVnmcq1gXImI7wJhN30b92z-Ka1QVbEmK6mvr1gcChYCtb6eqGqS1iWbq9prrYnJjZAEiufc/s1600/IMGP0095cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKWcZuq8PzSwjaLG4iO4-E8b1vP5puz1H0hJ01OkAEPgBjMEgz0oKx1j0LsWC5uDoL__rdUVnmcq1gXImI7wJhN30b92z-Ka1QVbEmK6mvr1gcChYCtb6eqGqS1iWbq9prrYnJjZAEiufc/s400/IMGP0095cr.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Rather than fucoid seaweeds ephemeral seaweeds are now the dominant seaweed on this section of the shore.</span></div>
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<tr><td><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqTrkhF0pa5kMJCwj2y2p4LrPoqsr_eR4oxREs6eDKe_TUkJWA8dm7Wes4oBJfCbArl8qJGZo6L6Ov62kHaOL-QZ4E6TBiEgnK9a5a3oA5s1Z_C8SA7BHSEJ3k9L9mrvCpkSHXT7BLHNw/s1600/IMGP1072.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqTrkhF0pa5kMJCwj2y2p4LrPoqsr_eR4oxREs6eDKe_TUkJWA8dm7Wes4oBJfCbArl8qJGZo6L6Ov62kHaOL-QZ4E6TBiEgnK9a5a3oA5s1Z_C8SA7BHSEJ3k9L9mrvCpkSHXT7BLHNw/s400/IMGP1072.JPG" width="400" /></span></a></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">This photograph taken in June, 2015 shows an area of the shore before the sand was deposited. </span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgd_CI8AZtCXiX3LC3RrRlGDJ8PzdGihAPoPUzDMcWklnzH7FlQC44Aweg0s0_W3J5vGOqKU2hLZUbTspqJ3cNpemHoYhuG6vwYF401feShfQNRhxsvRjXAHu52pAuxYVWAtd0Q5j8tGnm9/s1600/IMGP0104cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.8px; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgd_CI8AZtCXiX3LC3RrRlGDJ8PzdGihAPoPUzDMcWklnzH7FlQC44Aweg0s0_W3J5vGOqKU2hLZUbTspqJ3cNpemHoYhuG6vwYF401feShfQNRhxsvRjXAHu52pAuxYVWAtd0Q5j8tGnm9/s400/IMGP0104cr.jpg" width="300" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Now sand has covered much of this habitat.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhU9JJLl30WTSG8SBZ02wi-R9MtO5108MtOD6QdPD5erqPgu0ekC74BAVhr9OupiRUVi8MPYoskXmEKwJKrqbbz247aIk16UJtEFfTEIUPhNVtlmtDbgIjcVpLOycSmXGnkoSHfaBlE0ZFD/s1600/IMGP0100cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhU9JJLl30WTSG8SBZ02wi-R9MtO5108MtOD6QdPD5erqPgu0ekC74BAVhr9OupiRUVi8MPYoskXmEKwJKrqbbz247aIk16UJtEFfTEIUPhNVtlmtDbgIjcVpLOycSmXGnkoSHfaBlE0ZFD/s400/IMGP0100cr.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Sand continues to be deposited on the shore, covering the fucoid habitat.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLZDxtb9lCDdlhGpBzW99nCnvYKm8gf2EqaC0vsbXuNRzwuBUtCFpnu_oAl4QG_Kp478h6MFRHVbfixrc3_wgWlNgz7wOE5fkRZt-O2pOU4eO7wh4FgWCUTOU8ZpUqhSpYDqKdqOYUp1kr/s1600/IMGP0102cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLZDxtb9lCDdlhGpBzW99nCnvYKm8gf2EqaC0vsbXuNRzwuBUtCFpnu_oAl4QG_Kp478h6MFRHVbfixrc3_wgWlNgz7wOE5fkRZt-O2pOU4eO7wh4FgWCUTOU8ZpUqhSpYDqKdqOYUp1kr/s400/IMGP0102cr.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Ephemeral seaweeds such as <i>Porphyra</i> sp cover rocks of the lower shore.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTGxsCBcEju9028mhe-oe4nN1Ta_X3xQhZHynMK4P6uGZ5zXsWv_Y2VTka-kVR01bgFGbeEMX6XPFfSP8EZFPr8T-ZIpjnaKTWQfObzQ-U1xtut943JY3kqai8R5rSRGfd_rBhgei8dky2/s1600/IMGP0098cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTGxsCBcEju9028mhe-oe4nN1Ta_X3xQhZHynMK4P6uGZ5zXsWv_Y2VTka-kVR01bgFGbeEMX6XPFfSP8EZFPr8T-ZIpjnaKTWQfObzQ-U1xtut943JY3kqai8R5rSRGfd_rBhgei8dky2/s400/IMGP0098cr.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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RainbowNaturehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05648165269403242672noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-832591352233238802.post-58633621952039417172016-06-25T05:19:00.000-07:002016-06-25T05:19:56.867-07:00Rockpooling Destination: Land's End Penisula March 2016 (Part 2)<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 18px;">Continued from the previous blog:</span></span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGR3IeTucM0cXRNbMmW2KFmibAHAn2QC8Bh-JuT2hcX6T_ujeHpMajFUN2bKPUcn2OJEYdlzyNMB734uPDa2Ggx2BQIrHTw_a6uStyqJj-cPqituotlUaoMFNMM5VfgaoJqn5RoAUwPqky/s1600/IMGP1117CR.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="217" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGR3IeTucM0cXRNbMmW2KFmibAHAn2QC8Bh-JuT2hcX6T_ujeHpMajFUN2bKPUcn2OJEYdlzyNMB734uPDa2Ggx2BQIrHTw_a6uStyqJj-cPqituotlUaoMFNMM5VfgaoJqn5RoAUwPqky/s640/IMGP1117CR.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr align="justify"><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The rocky shore in March, 2016 has changed from that observed in June, 2015 with increased sand deposition and reduced seaweed cover and rockpool abundance.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 18px;">The habitats encountered are consistent with those previously recorded in September 2015 but the distribution and extent of each habitat has changed.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Habitat classification:</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 7.0pt;">Substrate</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 7.0pt;">LR (Littoral rock)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 7.0pt;">LS (Littoral Sediments)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 7.0pt;">Habitat</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 7.0pt;">LR.HLR (High energy littoral rock)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 7.0pt;">LR.MLR (Moderate energy littoral rock)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 7.5pt;">LR.FLR (Features of littoral rock)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 7.0pt;">LS.Lsa (Littoral Sand)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 7.0pt;">Biotope complex</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 7.0pt;">LR.HLR.MusB (Mussel and/or barnacle communities)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 7.0pt;">LR.MLR.BF (Barnacles and fucoids on moderately
exposed shores)</span></div>
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 96.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 120.5pt;" width="161"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 7.0pt;">LR.FLR.Rkp (Rockpools)</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 96.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63.75pt;" width="85"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 7.0pt;">LR.FLR.Eph (Ephemeral green or red seaweed
communities)</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 96.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63.8pt;" width="85"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 7.0pt;">LR.FLR.Lic (Lichens and small green algae on
suprallitoral and littoral fringe rock)</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 96.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 52.7pt;" width="70"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 130.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 130.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 43.3pt;" width="58"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 7.0pt;">Biotope</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 130.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 130.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 7.0pt;">LR.MLR.BF.Fser.R (Fucus serratus and red seaweeds
on moderately exposed lower eulittoral rock)</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 130.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63.8pt;" width="85"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 7.0pt;">LR.FLR.Rkp.Cor (Coralline crust dominated shallow
eulittoral rockpools)</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 130.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 2.0cm;" width="76"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 7.0pt;">LR.FLR.Rkp.SwSed (Seaweeds in sediment-floored
eulittoral rockpools)</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 130.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63.75pt;" width="85"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 130.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 63.8pt;" width="85"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 130.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 52.7pt;" valign="bottom" width="70"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Below are images of organisms you may encounter whilst rockpooling in these habitats:</span><br />
<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZtOQHdepihXmXh4hTMNMlV0V-p9nEVKb2gHVPrpIFInfbNIabnoWx_hdFIF1Tzqd4BxZZfUmbKHyIruZ4O2DS4W2MgpXlNVelH_e_LT2dQIKgzy8twbDL0VlXK6-9vP5dq_jMSS51HW-I/s1600/IMGP1115CR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-size: 12.8px; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZtOQHdepihXmXh4hTMNMlV0V-p9nEVKb2gHVPrpIFInfbNIabnoWx_hdFIF1Tzqd4BxZZfUmbKHyIruZ4O2DS4W2MgpXlNVelH_e_LT2dQIKgzy8twbDL0VlXK6-9vP5dq_jMSS51HW-I/s400/IMGP1115CR.jpg" width="300" /></a><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Lichens on supralittoral and littoral fringe rock. Habitat classification LR.FLR.Lic (Lichens on supralittoral and littoral fringe rock) EUNIS: B3.11</span><br />
<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="265" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhlzL4lpMaEoyJn4EmO6kITJN-Lo1a6yMm2zZ28DdiuRy9yLXEFsrR2YrzqZXPkaQOCBEksD7pB1lExd_fKS2V1lS8u7J5GDk2mmP6YNZ2hp1JiQWeXDF_eA8fdyIy_dUczdruvuBHRBIEg/s400/IMGP1050CR.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="400" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Green algae surrounds the fresh water falls.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr align="justify"><td class="tr-caption"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrGYFThzpXWESs4yRNNKQtZuU4PSWlaW_A0VbmOqAI6BguNZb_uemv66aslK_ULlwzFQuYZYaX92J89XD-RhUTk5-AOO-WnnNfKt59wI_aiP-ZxIrRSqz-7PO-HTURpcaYM7l-YhBpYYZ-/s1600/IMGP1057CR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-size: 12.8px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="207" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrGYFThzpXWESs4yRNNKQtZuU4PSWlaW_A0VbmOqAI6BguNZb_uemv66aslK_ULlwzFQuYZYaX92J89XD-RhUTk5-AOO-WnnNfKt59wI_aiP-ZxIrRSqz-7PO-HTURpcaYM7l-YhBpYYZ-/s400/IMGP1057CR.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Ephemeral green algae cover upper shore rocks around the stack.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhX5jSdyAhtM6RwucdvnwxAVLRaEpnaABWlE2Uu0MMDGlMoSQ3AWlrxXYWquJiFiU2PxmYiZAK9jzoXVUGYFVNMEeFilTZBzgRCmbJf1bTiLMtd6_-elG_MtLl5lPge8n9its2HHSTXWaRi/s1600/IMGP1055CR4.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></a><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLs7gyC5tCgQ4-_O-OUvwG2axgWz4Kr-nz18q5_eZq6sbnqn9BNR8Nob5ItTg_hco1Ki7d6tZgykgmuKTa-ae7jyx6MPIyr5NX99wLDZU9xOrYHf9-xZrldrHF15N-gFGDchxhhSZ6G38y/s1600/IMGP1003CR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-size: 12.8px; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="206" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLs7gyC5tCgQ4-_O-OUvwG2axgWz4Kr-nz18q5_eZq6sbnqn9BNR8Nob5ItTg_hco1Ki7d6tZgykgmuKTa-ae7jyx6MPIyr5NX99wLDZU9xOrYHf9-xZrldrHF15N-gFGDchxhhSZ6G38y/s400/IMGP1003CR.jpg" width="400" /></a><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Small and rough periwinkles occur among these boulders.</span><br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiq4Ogt_LsCvs9_WQYwMGPO_-Bq5OvuvTGL_lHDmARb2QAA5sxJBnltOjM0k6c0bCuxyENB1E4gihSQqMFHjtuZfpgCmxTZ4Qg9eLBvLBiPRf4OmJUccI_PtjXHi7rWMoyZx6SdVhsZq6X6/s1600/IMGP1013CR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-size: 12.8px; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiq4Ogt_LsCvs9_WQYwMGPO_-Bq5OvuvTGL_lHDmARb2QAA5sxJBnltOjM0k6c0bCuxyENB1E4gihSQqMFHjtuZfpgCmxTZ4Qg9eLBvLBiPRf4OmJUccI_PtjXHi7rWMoyZx6SdVhsZq6X6/s400/IMGP1013CR.jpg" width="400" /></a><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Rough periwinkle (<i>Littorina </i>sp)</span><br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjo-2B1cX8Y3dMwFoTW27yUGu3Uetw-d9_eAhShhtsPVk7MISIPZsgMD5uxIknu_U7qqt6lrHY-2KYu5k9rkJAQob_3W8asSg4u0POYTB8MFM6rw2T3lvIqRgofzejR7jKfTBRZ8oOJCaVR/s1600/IMGP1035CR.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjo-2B1cX8Y3dMwFoTW27yUGu3Uetw-d9_eAhShhtsPVk7MISIPZsgMD5uxIknu_U7qqt6lrHY-2KYu5k9rkJAQob_3W8asSg4u0POYTB8MFM6rw2T3lvIqRgofzejR7jKfTBRZ8oOJCaVR/s400/IMGP1035CR.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Increased sand deposits have formed a sandy area in the left hand side of the bay's upper shore. Habitat classification: LS.Lsa (Littoral Sand).</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></span><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTV25Fs3Glg8neb5_lj4ScsBXnLZC-5oOLmBIzL-xwlYhsasKakB20mo0S1SEyo8XZaniIYpuRQS8Ceq9F-g3bp-bUW2cj9lg0smq0BhTWV9CuZNebqrFfD3MFAh3e_yYfrdNmGSlXP6CC/s1600/IMGP1032CR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-size: 12.8px; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="344" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTV25Fs3Glg8neb5_lj4ScsBXnLZC-5oOLmBIzL-xwlYhsasKakB20mo0S1SEyo8XZaniIYpuRQS8Ceq9F-g3bp-bUW2cj9lg0smq0BhTWV9CuZNebqrFfD3MFAh3e_yYfrdNmGSlXP6CC/s640/IMGP1032CR.jpg" width="640" /></a><br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">The distribution of organisms has changed in response to the sand deposition, with many gastropods taking to the cliff walls and extending further up the cliff than would usually be encountered.</span></div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: justify;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhX5jSdyAhtM6RwucdvnwxAVLRaEpnaABWlE2Uu0MMDGlMoSQ3AWlrxXYWquJiFiU2PxmYiZAK9jzoXVUGYFVNMEeFilTZBzgRCmbJf1bTiLMtd6_-elG_MtLl5lPge8n9its2HHSTXWaRi/s1600/IMGP1055CR4.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: start;"><img border="0" height="395" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhX5jSdyAhtM6RwucdvnwxAVLRaEpnaABWlE2Uu0MMDGlMoSQ3AWlrxXYWquJiFiU2PxmYiZAK9jzoXVUGYFVNMEeFilTZBzgRCmbJf1bTiLMtd6_-elG_MtLl5lPge8n9its2HHSTXWaRi/s640/IMGP1055CR4.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">The rocks to the right of the bay have not experienced the same amount of sand deposition and hence support habitats similar to that observed during previous rockpooling visits. Ephemeral green and red seaweeds cover boulders of the upper to mid shore, with barnacles throughout. The bedrock also supports ephemeral greens such as <i>Ulva</i> sp and <i>Cladophora</i> sp, especially where influenced by the fresh water runoff from the river. Lastly the patches of the lower shore support a canopy of <i>Fucus serratus</i> under which reds can be found. Habitat classification: </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small; text-align: center;">LR.FLR.Eph (Ephemeral green or, red seaweeds (Fresh water or sand influenced) EUNIS: A1.45 and LR.FLR.Rkp (Rockpools) EUNIS: A1.41,</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small; text-align: center;">LR.MLR.BF (Barnacles and fucoids on moderately exposed shores) EUNIS: A1.21 and </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">LR.FLR.Rkp (Rockpools) EUNIS: A1.4.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuQ_qofGZkc-HET1yRqd0PVaom4O4OLPLZeq1I5FRs9oEettZNLlwAEaKN1st8OIe3b_DChm4WOg7EmVY0d2pIfdfuJXRKK0rYIUb5QVLRdz_IMOuEGEjke0JHZEB533yeq1LmvMQuoFih/s1600/IMGP1070CR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-size: 12.8px; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: justify;"><img border="0" height="260" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuQ_qofGZkc-HET1yRqd0PVaom4O4OLPLZeq1I5FRs9oEettZNLlwAEaKN1st8OIe3b_DChm4WOg7EmVY0d2pIfdfuJXRKK0rYIUb5QVLRdz_IMOuEGEjke0JHZEB533yeq1LmvMQuoFih/s640/IMGP1070CR.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Coralline rockpools on the stack appear to have been unaffected by the sand deposition on the shore and are continuing their establishment. Habitat classi</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">fication: </span><span style="text-align: center;">LR.FLR.Rkp.Cor (Coralline crust dominated shallow eulittoral rockpools) EUNIS: A1.41.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbDLZJ7OK3CLBiUAAaIovDP74mKo7doYyIwjS2hfZmas_-MHm4YE77ohbTzrKk70G4NdqS8y-aJglaeY6xl2RNeGJRT6NVdQMPui6-fLHT7e4otxbYiFEIurzW1o2qAvxY7X6WdH7554Fi/s1600/IMGP1082CR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.8px; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="310" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbDLZJ7OK3CLBiUAAaIovDP74mKo7doYyIwjS2hfZmas_-MHm4YE77ohbTzrKk70G4NdqS8y-aJglaeY6xl2RNeGJRT6NVdQMPui6-fLHT7e4otxbYiFEIurzW1o2qAvxY7X6WdH7554Fi/s640/IMGP1082CR.jpg" width="640" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>Bifucaria bifactata</i> is becoming established within the deeper coralline rockpools.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhksPx6vO7y-98Sw_KPdx99CtsW0RCdyaB11nGQhQ0GC1APDwPocGrvzqjwwzGUNCC5q3-qF5KFKvJ3uSy5NZ0tzjYT6yVBRIBl7K6fI6JcMVign9DgORY3DPWkY-IWkP1EhWwl_GUQ313R/s1600/IMGP1077CR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.8px; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhksPx6vO7y-98Sw_KPdx99CtsW0RCdyaB11nGQhQ0GC1APDwPocGrvzqjwwzGUNCC5q3-qF5KFKvJ3uSy5NZ0tzjYT6yVBRIBl7K6fI6JcMVign9DgORY3DPWkY-IWkP1EhWwl_GUQ313R/s320/IMGP1077CR.jpg" width="320" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i> Scytosiphon lomentaria </i>grows on a china limpet</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcaNlCvOIi82xXE2t-ZdrcOylagRwOxL1l3te-c1v_TmZ8Pf0DZwr6edXB8N3ZnD7hF5B-G_kx1WE-CwakpsYQB4GCRP2H2FU8tiXx8QcBWX_uW_GCgyJRyXcp3ZeHp7tfGTWHpPe85qcg/s1600/IMGP1091CR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-size: 12.8px; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="262" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcaNlCvOIi82xXE2t-ZdrcOylagRwOxL1l3te-c1v_TmZ8Pf0DZwr6edXB8N3ZnD7hF5B-G_kx1WE-CwakpsYQB4GCRP2H2FU8tiXx8QcBWX_uW_GCgyJRyXcp3ZeHp7tfGTWHpPe85qcg/s640/IMGP1091CR.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Barnacles and limpets occur at variable densities across the shore where there are boulders and bedrock. Among the boulders of the lower shore are patches of green algae, <i>Verrucaria mucosa </i>and the occasional dog whelk <i>(Nucella lapillus</i>).</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9nk_4QUsGAfh-4IOAjTf1OSNjQoT0Pw0Mu893brDkveOcSFSZvD_3yc316Fhqul3S_Asa9CRChjr2FnN8xsdVGUtenoNMFcli_DRIprmwjzDw974QoxlAC47u1KVIA0UPeAKcu3z4iKWZ/s1600/IMGP1094CR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-size: 12.8px; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9nk_4QUsGAfh-4IOAjTf1OSNjQoT0Pw0Mu893brDkveOcSFSZvD_3yc316Fhqul3S_Asa9CRChjr2FnN8xsdVGUtenoNMFcli_DRIprmwjzDw974QoxlAC47u1KVIA0UPeAKcu3z4iKWZ/s400/IMGP1094CR.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>Fucus serratus</i> forms a patchy canopy on the lower shore.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglavPv6-2vCUoitMQN-keheGX4IM6gROTS73HXaiUwQOn16TKjJC-yBCVDBdYbhOkx6jSXeVOYFztQlH3lWWlAc3y-4pNZ6AhgjqcOlAMr-QH5QeQ3Hua2lLoXEbdHctRMDvRw64vOOuLb/s1600/IMGP1096CR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-size: 12.8px; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglavPv6-2vCUoitMQN-keheGX4IM6gROTS73HXaiUwQOn16TKjJC-yBCVDBdYbhOkx6jSXeVOYFztQlH3lWWlAc3y-4pNZ6AhgjqcOlAMr-QH5QeQ3Hua2lLoXEbdHctRMDvRw64vOOuLb/s400/IMGP1096CR.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The abundance of<i> F. serratus</i> has reduced with the increased sand deposition which has scoured and buried the seaweeds.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhblix7yWw1cPFLyCMTLmeyOB7UOxaoBRHifvKMlE_fQVpdAEpfSNyk65TZBvA_zJKA3xSMCWsltjr_QojoVyk2u1ctQ5ZI3EmNcFjF1fl1v23jz_nqIQKTaIy_E1k46Bsow-rkNgLelNSV/s1600/IMGP1109CR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-size: 12.8px; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhblix7yWw1cPFLyCMTLmeyOB7UOxaoBRHifvKMlE_fQVpdAEpfSNyk65TZBvA_zJKA3xSMCWsltjr_QojoVyk2u1ctQ5ZI3EmNcFjF1fl1v23jz_nqIQKTaIy_E1k46Bsow-rkNgLelNSV/s400/IMGP1109CR.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: justify;">The sand has infilled in the rockpools and covered the bedrock.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLHRlrFZtLlvJUJ9wJ0DANO51MLaO0lj2rsRSxz157g2sMq38hmHX8UeYqBJ3XOZvDi32WA6btwHi15mL2NeWTHrMqwO1RhvrawCz5ZvlHBJRMsbGPD5UE5Gv_eQcFW_HoXbxH0UHxsyIX/s1600/IMGP1099CR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-size: 12.8px; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLHRlrFZtLlvJUJ9wJ0DANO51MLaO0lj2rsRSxz157g2sMq38hmHX8UeYqBJ3XOZvDi32WA6btwHi15mL2NeWTHrMqwO1RhvrawCz5ZvlHBJRMsbGPD5UE5Gv_eQcFW_HoXbxH0UHxsyIX/s400/IMGP1099CR.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: justify;"> This photograph shows the </span><i style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;">Cladophora</i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: justify;"> sp that once covered the bedrock together with sandbinder (</span><i style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;">Rhodothaminiella floridula</i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: justify;">). Now these seaweeds occur in patches.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhD81moHWNwuA28cnq0kqDFkW7aU_SIPHgW4cmGQJ8npnLDRnny5S04EXrOUgD1qU0lgTK6YPkEaTxUEmooRkAkZdG0qh2pbdnxNWV9Ywssf7Jf4X9_rlB9ViL6wtbinYLGwRDMYJOg5sNf/s1600/IMGP1029CR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-size: 12.8px; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhD81moHWNwuA28cnq0kqDFkW7aU_SIPHgW4cmGQJ8npnLDRnny5S04EXrOUgD1qU0lgTK6YPkEaTxUEmooRkAkZdG0qh2pbdnxNWV9Ywssf7Jf4X9_rlB9ViL6wtbinYLGwRDMYJOg5sNf/s400/IMGP1029CR.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />RainbowNaturehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05648165269403242672noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-832591352233238802.post-16570591769992835822016-06-16T11:34:00.003-07:002016-06-16T11:34:55.126-07:00Rockpooling destination: Revisit Land's End peninsula, March 2016 <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-align: justify;">Steep cliffs surround the bay, the lower craggy edges covered in lichens. The cliff bases and steeper bedrock transition between the lichen and barnacle communities with limpets, periwinkles and whelks. Boulders and bedrock on the shore host a similar barnacle community plus a variety of seaweeds, including where sand scour is event, ephemeral seaweeds. Rockpools occur sporadically </span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-align: justify;">throughout </span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-align: justify;">the shore, and a river flows downs from the cliffs.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 18px; text-align: justify;"><br /></span><span style="line-height: 18px; text-align: justify;">The bay experiences a dynamic regime, alternating between periods of erosion (stony) and deposition (sandy)</span><span style="text-align: justify;">.</span><span style="line-height: 18px; text-align: justify;">The underlying substrate is boulders and bedrock, however, variable amounts of sand may be deposited on top, sourced from the sand bar situated offshore. The communities encountered reflect the alternation between these regimes.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Please see previous blog posts:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">http://thesaltyscavenger.blogspot.co.uk/2015/10/rockpooling-destination-revisit-to.html</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">http://thesaltyscavenger.blogspot.nl/2015/07/rockpooling-destination-revisit-lands.html</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">http://thesaltyscavenger.blogspot.nl/2014/05/revisit-lands-end-peninsular-april-2014.html</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 18px; text-align: justify;"></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">http://thesaltyscavenger.blogspot.nl/2014/02/rockpooling-destination-lands-end.html</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">For the past <span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">18 months</span> the shore has been stony and a series of rockpooling visits has documented the slow colonisation and succession of the sea shore communities of the newly available substrate. Now the shore is <span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">experiencing</span> increased sand deposition <span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">which is <span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">influencing</span> the communities previously documented. </span></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Notably, </span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">increased sand deposition and reduced seaweed cover, particularly of ephemeral green seaweeds, and the infill of many of the sediment filled rockpools.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Below are images showing the change in sediments and habitats observed since April 2015.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGR3IeTucM0cXRNbMmW2KFmibAHAn2QC8Bh-JuT2hcX6T_ujeHpMajFUN2bKPUcn2OJEYdlzyNMB734uPDa2Ggx2BQIrHTw_a6uStyqJj-cPqituotlUaoMFNMM5VfgaoJqn5RoAUwPqky/s1600/IMGP1117CR.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="217" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGR3IeTucM0cXRNbMmW2KFmibAHAn2QC8Bh-JuT2hcX6T_ujeHpMajFUN2bKPUcn2OJEYdlzyNMB734uPDa2Ggx2BQIrHTw_a6uStyqJj-cPqituotlUaoMFNMM5VfgaoJqn5RoAUwPqky/s640/IMGP1117CR.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.8px;"><span style="font-size: small;">The rocky shore </span></span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; text-align: center;">in March 2016 exhibits</span><span style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"> increased sand deposition, reduced seaweed cover and rockpool occurrence.</span></span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="380" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLOQa_qKE0wYYLVNqBds9T1mkKjjldPRGN4IqEoe5VWbcP9LBWLPvUq5G7KUoTXIJ-JerNw3eNlfLGnjpYq6-BhJkmCCZNAvRikp6a3SGuqvaHrd0VZvQcUnYYAJqIgapS1lsSiMKrWzs/s640/IMGP1054.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="640" /></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">The shore in June 2015 is predominantly comprised of bedrock and boulders and has an increased seaweed cover and rockpool occurrence. </span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjo-2B1cX8Y3dMwFoTW27yUGu3Uetw-d9_eAhShhtsPVk7MISIPZsgMD5uxIknu_U7qqt6lrHY-2KYu5k9rkJAQob_3W8asSg4u0POYTB8MFM6rw2T3lvIqRgofzejR7jKfTBRZ8oOJCaVR/s1600/IMGP1035CR.jpg" style="text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjo-2B1cX8Y3dMwFoTW27yUGu3Uetw-d9_eAhShhtsPVk7MISIPZsgMD5uxIknu_U7qqt6lrHY-2KYu5k9rkJAQob_3W8asSg4u0POYTB8MFM6rw2T3lvIqRgofzejR7jKfTBRZ8oOJCaVR/s400/IMGP1035CR.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Since April, 2015 the amount of sand deposited on the shore has increased covering the underlying boulders that previously supported a 'newly' colonising fauna of ephemeral green and red seaweeds, limpets, periwinkles and sparse barnacles. Now this area of the shore represent a barren mobile sand habitat.</span></div>
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<tr><td><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvZMagouK3yH2zICH2hTPEJpg16VC9-_Bj61OuUmYuF4id43jEahWSdBi3xIqIMGqrbID6rdIdwGB37qAwN1DdJJ-PcoLEYw4CMms23WPSNJ8gEQGS3pr1Qr5qhBYUiK4Za3-AmKTMQ8E/s1600/IMGP8606.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvZMagouK3yH2zICH2hTPEJpg16VC9-_Bj61OuUmYuF4id43jEahWSdBi3xIqIMGqrbID6rdIdwGB37qAwN1DdJJ-PcoLEYw4CMms23WPSNJ8gEQGS3pr1Qr5qhBYUiK4Za3-AmKTMQ8E/s400/IMGP8606.JPG" width="400" /></a></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small; text-align: justify;">This photograph taken in April 2015,<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> shows the <span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">previous distribution of sediments in this area of the upper shore.<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> </span></span></span></span></div>
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<tr><td><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoC0djYO-OlmOL6YEX4tWmcUO3K78aee9GpevA5TqzBu7yagQ3n6fxR_NqX1bLZQ6rEK-nYKlYmMN03aCHaZ_5LoSngSa_IGAnXcA8FkwqRfZlfLDh0usxsfC_hYcKZtZKSUA4VWB2OA0/s1600/IMGP0065+%25282%2529.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoC0djYO-OlmOL6YEX4tWmcUO3K78aee9GpevA5TqzBu7yagQ3n6fxR_NqX1bLZQ6rEK-nYKlYmMN03aCHaZ_5LoSngSa_IGAnXcA8FkwqRfZlfLDh0usxsfC_hYcKZtZKSUA4VWB2OA0/s400/IMGP0065+%25282%2529.JPG" width="400" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;"><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; text-align: justify;">This photograph taken in September 2015,</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small; text-align: justify;"> shows the <span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">previous distribution of sediments in this area of the upper shore.<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> </span></span></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEht4a-Ta4Ziywhj9ISKy5NBZ3W0PtReQVREGJY4ZbyQ4KDtKoyxSUYUElVySVuegX8J_hN7OUQvM0OiAHgJJUL1s6JwgQ8ZjkZRpOvkfj5_Roqmssz9vOY970-tBi4rNahrlysL-MbA5aWp/s1600/IMGP1103CR.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEht4a-Ta4Ziywhj9ISKy5NBZ3W0PtReQVREGJY4ZbyQ4KDtKoyxSUYUElVySVuegX8J_hN7OUQvM0OiAHgJJUL1s6JwgQ8ZjkZRpOvkfj5_Roqmssz9vOY970-tBi4rNahrlysL-MbA5aWp/s400/IMGP1103CR.jpg" width="400" /> </a></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Sand now covers much of the 'central' bay area which was previously boulders and bedrock.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEht4a-Ta4Ziywhj9ISKy5NBZ3W0PtReQVREGJY4ZbyQ4KDtKoyxSUYUElVySVuegX8J_hN7OUQvM0OiAHgJJUL1s6JwgQ8ZjkZRpOvkfj5_Roqmssz9vOY970-tBi4rNahrlysL-MbA5aWp/s1600/IMGP1103CR.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a></div>
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<tr><td><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhW3_tbrHHkL8whMlmA9L91f1SlZMzrMiyNStsKIVtGowtF1omtMFk2G7XYc_wpKhPA4f3QXc9tQ2Py0APiTL68eX2012DrcUtpNsc4mvz3B8Wtj-njLxjqn4G3vT_O1lCOHbpnU8vPmJw/s1600/IMGP0067+%25282%2529.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhW3_tbrHHkL8whMlmA9L91f1SlZMzrMiyNStsKIVtGowtF1omtMFk2G7XYc_wpKhPA4f3QXc9tQ2Py0APiTL68eX2012DrcUtpNsc4mvz3B8Wtj-njLxjqn4G3vT_O1lCOHbpnU8vPmJw/s400/IMGP0067+%25282%2529.JPG" width="400" /></span></a></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">This photograph taken in September 2015 shows the typical Fucoid and ephemeral seaweed communities that covered the bedrock and boulders of the shore which has now mostly covered by sand.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj71DdxSEm0kt8AM-b7Oz7htM2KqLYE0PnMP5yxohGgZG4CvVG5L21ed58ibDLH4hS24yerbtmT-fsRbNEubblal2WcNY-qh9LvX7SfvtXMrhykf6w8BIrgOU7QPNsRw6GYMq7JUh_exist/s1600/IMGP1094CR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-size: 12.8px; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj71DdxSEm0kt8AM-b7Oz7htM2KqLYE0PnMP5yxohGgZG4CvVG5L21ed58ibDLH4hS24yerbtmT-fsRbNEubblal2WcNY-qh9LvX7SfvtXMrhykf6w8BIrgOU7QPNsRw6GYMq7JUh_exist/s400/IMGP1094CR.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"> Increased sand deposition is also evident on the lower shore where it has filled in rockpools and covered bedrock.</span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIcjX7bzL_6DaLnCsBDk9m2KdWLjlzbJFJnj9NughFAL3dQSM914cDo0RiY-1rAwXJhcuMyn3AXX-lFNPJnvBNmpiidHIEKh_ltN8OKDQ9FSgcXMWnPSZslpHf5x3Rflz2G-Gds1Ntfxk/s1600/IMGP0140.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="258" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIcjX7bzL_6DaLnCsBDk9m2KdWLjlzbJFJnj9NughFAL3dQSM914cDo0RiY-1rAwXJhcuMyn3AXX-lFNPJnvBNmpiidHIEKh_ltN8OKDQ9FSgcXMWnPSZslpHf5x3Rflz2G-Gds1Ntfxk/s400/IMGP0140.JPG" width="400" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">The lower shore in 2015</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilnXAP-Cd7i5ttvgEDct2RPaEL_hIbjsULM5W6HSdGI0j_WEXmJJpM8w7-uW_mZCM1pgpLnxZyTyvQsNl-n7QarOyxUBchcWb_PqHtPzD0M41c2opRPAFHRDAVQqBhFRkVfSF5jljva6Or/s1600/IMGP1109CR.jpg" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilnXAP-Cd7i5ttvgEDct2RPaEL_hIbjsULM5W6HSdGI0j_WEXmJJpM8w7-uW_mZCM1pgpLnxZyTyvQsNl-n7QarOyxUBchcWb_PqHtPzD0M41c2opRPAFHRDAVQqBhFRkVfSF5jljva6Or/s400/IMGP1109CR.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Sand <span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">has covered the lower shore bedrock and infilled most of the sediment filled rockpools.</span></span></span></span></div>
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<tr><td><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqTrkhF0pa5kMJCwj2y2p4LrPoqsr_eR4oxREs6eDKe_TUkJWA8dm7Wes4oBJfCbArl8qJGZo6L6Ov62kHaOL-QZ4E6TBiEgnK9a5a3oA5s1Z_C8SA7BHSEJ3k9L9mrvCpkSHXT7BLHNw/s1600/IMGP1072.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqTrkhF0pa5kMJCwj2y2p4LrPoqsr_eR4oxREs6eDKe_TUkJWA8dm7Wes4oBJfCbArl8qJGZo6L6Ov62kHaOL-QZ4E6TBiEgnK9a5a3oA5s1Z_C8SA7BHSEJ3k9L9mrvCpkSHXT7BLHNw/s400/IMGP1072.JPG" width="400" /></span></a></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">This photograph taken in June, 2015 shows the same area of the shore before the sand was deposited. There distribution of the red seaweed and fucoid and rockpools habitats is now far more limited than at the time of this photograph as such r</span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">ockpooling at either of this times would provide different data sets for the shore and demonstrates the necessity for long term monitoring to ensure accurate characterisation</span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"> of rocky shores.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJHLuORl94LZ5Z_lSn9TF36gW7tXgnG2YUkB33cMrjh7pBaDOmhLwHxZ3IVnN-dWMECOMtwGOu8COtRD_QcNlejlVwmRDPTOFnNc89BKnORnU98zXHv0lTOtLU1RhXyC6we5UgF4-Mm3a7/s1600/IMGP1044CR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-size: 12.8px; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJHLuORl94LZ5Z_lSn9TF36gW7tXgnG2YUkB33cMrjh7pBaDOmhLwHxZ3IVnN-dWMECOMtwGOu8COtRD_QcNlejlVwmRDPTOFnNc89BKnORnU98zXHv0lTOtLU1RhXyC6we5UgF4-Mm3a7/s640/IMGP1044CR.jpg" width="480" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">How will the shore look next time? Well I have been down and I will post what I saw soon!</span></div>
RainbowNaturehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05648165269403242672noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-832591352233238802.post-89758210933495114482016-06-11T05:34:00.000-07:002016-06-11T05:34:22.985-07:00Rockpooling Destination: Porthgwara, March 2016<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQRE5gacPqaBLUQbs_9-SYDLrNHoRbo9bD9F5oCi6szsrCjZdE0Ve9vrOTym-13edWa6Tsd_Y5TzNtMd2ZWD6qzbbCG26dVd7iWMq0nVbKhHT4aQvlmq4o9V19Pv33LMzJeZf9myd2ac1H/s1600/IMGP0869cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="298" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQRE5gacPqaBLUQbs_9-SYDLrNHoRbo9bD9F5oCi6szsrCjZdE0Ve9vrOTym-13edWa6Tsd_Y5TzNtMd2ZWD6qzbbCG26dVd7iWMq0nVbKhHT4aQvlmq4o9V19Pv33LMzJeZf9myd2ac1H/s400/IMGP0869cr.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">The rockyshore comprises sand scoured boulders and bedrock with rockpools. Habitat classification: LR.FLR.Lic (Lichens on supralittoral and littoral fringe rock), LR.HLR.MusB (Mussel and/or barnacles communities), LR.FLR.Rkp (Rockpools) and LS.Sa (Littoral sand)</span>.</td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The rocky shore is comprised of large boulders and bedrock that experience alternating variations in sand scour from the surrounding sandy shore. As a result barnacle cover is low and scour tolerant seaweeds thrive in the shallow sand filled rockpools. Between the boulders are limpets, periwinkles, topshells and dog whelks together with patches of seaweed.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Below are images of some of the organisms you may encounter whilst rockpooling on the shore:</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitGD0tOKqRiX6ZEWPR5urSKSHtHxSAt4rUnwSaYU2C-o7lfZi0qYQgHrv-XGBkRnRs_mhES5u7sy_yOXtmMu5cQ8-IY_18IUL_LGA7Nm8jbWTJt_ce48nU0I2i0m0ok_bN_dDRP3oqjtDz/s1600/IMGP0898cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitGD0tOKqRiX6ZEWPR5urSKSHtHxSAt4rUnwSaYU2C-o7lfZi0qYQgHrv-XGBkRnRs_mhES5u7sy_yOXtmMu5cQ8-IY_18IUL_LGA7Nm8jbWTJt_ce48nU0I2i0m0ok_bN_dDRP3oqjtDz/s400/IMGP0898cr.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Yellow, grey and black lichens cover the supralittoal and littoral fringe rock. Habitat classification: </span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">LR.FLR.Lic (Lichens or small green algae on supralittoral
and littoral fringe rock) EUNIS: B3.11.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-CS2rmTsE9ZMzXBur8QCFuKgGE4RcZEAjfBS1O9tH209hbtgA8W942y9eRZKlX1fZAAggh4BlsLTWD2SeMVDRaPdmkWLWkwqYX4qyeoafL4OnV2vNJCO-fJ8KALpPtW_eHkY86pBI9lrl/s1600/IMGP0871cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="339" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-CS2rmTsE9ZMzXBur8QCFuKgGE4RcZEAjfBS1O9tH209hbtgA8W942y9eRZKlX1fZAAggh4BlsLTWD2SeMVDRaPdmkWLWkwqYX4qyeoafL4OnV2vNJCO-fJ8KALpPtW_eHkY86pBI9lrl/s640/IMGP0871cr.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Much of the rock of the littoral fringe/ upper shore is covered in patches of green algae/lichen that in some instances has overgrown the barnacles. The remainder of the rock is colonised by sparse barnacles, limpets, rough periwinkles and small periwinkles. </span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbhedv6nDTpf3K1N66xPGQS8W9_hHDCfT5pfNWzdrDxW2AOpF1VGLcHGrSGYrzcovtA7HpoVFyJmz9D2BKT1BouQiHd5DJEzItedXPaB7MYcLEOt56uPL1LHfAsNpVZWzSFb3mY7LsHvwV/s1600/IMGP0890cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbhedv6nDTpf3K1N66xPGQS8W9_hHDCfT5pfNWzdrDxW2AOpF1VGLcHGrSGYrzcovtA7HpoVFyJmz9D2BKT1BouQiHd5DJEzItedXPaB7MYcLEOt56uPL1LHfAsNpVZWzSFb3mY7LsHvwV/s400/IMGP0890cr.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Rough periwinkle (<i>Littorina</i> sp)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEievhyLJBcyrVKr2dXbALa7e3N8SZnTWcGuUxg8iGqQ4fgQspVefWvuAcRgmrZw2q-QYRk-4NJwT12mi8QxpeZtOzHff8NIuY5sf59Thx64g7gNb8-oApRoiO86lsN0LZMROrg0k011A4PD/s1600/IMGP0974cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="214" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEievhyLJBcyrVKr2dXbALa7e3N8SZnTWcGuUxg8iGqQ4fgQspVefWvuAcRgmrZw2q-QYRk-4NJwT12mi8QxpeZtOzHff8NIuY5sf59Thx64g7gNb8-oApRoiO86lsN0LZMROrg0k011A4PD/s640/IMGP0974cr.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Barnacle, seaweed and general epifaunal cover is patchy
among the boulders of the shore that are subject to rolling and sand scour; both of which
limit the barnacle communities expansion. LR.HLR.MusB (Mussel and/or barnacle communities) EUNIS A1.11.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<tr><td><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-tBGHNslB7JdoE0vxznojjKypdf5wnRuMYuherxVNxBIodnDcy6dsD7bIjI96hP9P9I9nA3kBYBoPxCsEV6rdWFOUNULqgdbP5HoV1zPXj-5EnI28k7bTyguUpNwrgvnQsM4AHsysqNYP/s1600/IMGP0933cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="303" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-tBGHNslB7JdoE0vxznojjKypdf5wnRuMYuherxVNxBIodnDcy6dsD7bIjI96hP9P9I9nA3kBYBoPxCsEV6rdWFOUNULqgdbP5HoV1zPXj-5EnI28k7bTyguUpNwrgvnQsM4AHsysqNYP/s400/IMGP0933cr.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">A limpet is buffeted from the waves by a small outcropping ridge on the boulder.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<tr><td><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_tM86uFHwoJBYpbtkuOGv8chN_5HvU1L6W5JbG-NECHfCkqbEMPOPYMGIAJ3D32sGHW97zY80bGhuliJFO6pB9YSmN-BESUN-NoxTE1JkAK7ObutNeZnInPb_8odzsi6wsmYqasWK_tQF/s1600/IMGP0904cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="228" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_tM86uFHwoJBYpbtkuOGv8chN_5HvU1L6W5JbG-NECHfCkqbEMPOPYMGIAJ3D32sGHW97zY80bGhuliJFO6pB9YSmN-BESUN-NoxTE1JkAK7ObutNeZnInPb_8odzsi6wsmYqasWK_tQF/s640/IMGP0904cr.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Seaweeds such as, <i>Cladophora rupestris</i>, Corallinaceae crusts and reds seaweeds occur in shaded damp enclaves between the boulders.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5tpyuwKzCzAAOdE-Fos22heq9uSSM8eM1EW5MfYipGkUUzNdE-9EEVzBfsAYSy8g82pG3xLWZsaO9V8xdUAyhLILfB0Y5jic4Ekb_fjamRsHI9fqlbam2-VFVLz1GmYlIVe_ButPz1VI7/s1600/2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-size: medium; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="451" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5tpyuwKzCzAAOdE-Fos22heq9uSSM8eM1EW5MfYipGkUUzNdE-9EEVzBfsAYSy8g82pG3xLWZsaO9V8xdUAyhLILfB0Y5jic4Ekb_fjamRsHI9fqlbam2-VFVLz1GmYlIVe_ButPz1VI7/s640/2.jpg" width="640" /></a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small; text-align: justify;">The rockpools of the shore hold the greatest diversity of fauna and seaweeds. Shallow sand filled coralline rockpools are encrusted by coralline seaweeds (Corallinacea crusts and <i>Corallina officinalis</i>), those that are more sheltered have less sand and support more anemones (<i>Actinia equina</i>), china limpets (<i>Patella ulyssiponensis</i>) and thick topshells (<i>Osilinus lineatus</i>) together with sand tolerant seaweed species.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">The cover of fucoids and robust red seaweeds increases in and around rockpools and on bed rock of the lower eulittoral. Comprising a red seaweed under-story of species such as, <i>Corallina officinalis, </i><i>Mastrocarpus stellatus</i> and <i>Geldium</i> sp. beneath a fucoid canopy.</span></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">A flat periwinkle on <i>Fucus</i> sp</span></td></tr>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRuy05_keI1LtePKW-n6ce2vZGy02gQVvpb6QxxCtJfofvHpZuIsQhfqgb9m3QssZIbp49K-l6xsf4wmwuEiSkO_zC5BgFig7_h-movbb3aJbXfCb8CuB6rJu9O6WcKRQKxy7Bypw_SXBE/s1600/1.png" imageanchor="1" style="font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="316" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRuy05_keI1LtePKW-n6ce2vZGy02gQVvpb6QxxCtJfofvHpZuIsQhfqgb9m3QssZIbp49K-l6xsf4wmwuEiSkO_zC5BgFig7_h-movbb3aJbXfCb8CuB6rJu9O6WcKRQKxy7Bypw_SXBE/s640/1.png" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">The sand filled rockpools of the lower shore also support a diversity of sand tolerant seaweeds. </span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small; text-align: justify;">Habitat classification: LR.FLR.Rkp.SwSed (Seaweeds in sediment filled rockpools) EUNIS: A1.413.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small; text-align: justify;">With increased quantities of sand, epifauna decrease and seaweeds, especially sand tolerant species, increase and include <i>Chondrus crispus, Ceranium sp, Clodrophora sp, Sargassum muticum, Bifucaria b</i></span><i><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small; text-align: justify;">ifurcata</span><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small; text-align: justify;">, Rhodothamniella flordula.</span></i></div>
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<i>Sargassum muticum </i>and sand tolerant seaweeds.</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">The requirement for seaweeds to withstand smothering is key within these rockpools.</span></td></tr>
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<br />RainbowNaturehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05648165269403242672noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-832591352233238802.post-63160084335118848682016-05-29T10:12:00.000-07:002016-05-29T10:12:04.006-07:00Rockpooling destination: Revisit West Penwith, March 2016<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">The rocky shore is comprised of boulders and bedrock with rockpools, crevices and gullies. Habitat classification: LR.HLR (High energy littoral rock) EUNIS: A1.1 , LR.FLR.Rkp (Rockpools) EUNIS:A1.41 and </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">LR.FLR.Lic.(Lichens on supralittoral and littoral fringe rock)</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"> EUNIS: B3.11</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;">The rocky shore is a high energy environment comprised of boulders and bedrock with rock pools, crevices and gullies.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;">The high energy environment of the shore leads to an extended lichen zone, that descends over much of the boulder field, which apart from Littorinids is relatively barren. Patches of lichens extend further down into the barnacle communities, which dominate from the upper to lower shore, inter-dispersed by shallow coralline rockpools in the mid shore, and deeper cobble filled rockpools on the lower shore. As the low tide mark is reached wave tolerant seaweeds lace the gullies.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;">Habitat classification:</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">Substrate<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">LR (Littoral rock)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">Habitat<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">LR.HLR (High energy littoral rock)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">LR.FLR (Features of littoral rock)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">Biotope complex<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">LR.HLR. MusB (Mussel and/or barnacle communities)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">LR.HLR.FR (Robust fucoid and/or red seaweed communities)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;"> LR.FLR.Lic.(Lichens on supralittoral and littoral fringe rock).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">LR.FLR.Rkp (Rockpools)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">Biotope<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">LR.HLR.MusB.Cht (Chthamalus sp on exposed upper eulittoral rock)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">LR.HLR.MusB.Sem (Semibalanus balanoides on exposed to moderately exposed or vertical sheltered eulittoral rock)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">LR.FLR.Lic.Ver (Verrucaria Maura on littoral fringe rock)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">LR.FLR.Lic.YG (Yellow and grey lichens on supralittoral rock)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">LR.FLR.Rkp.Cor (Coralline crust dominated shallow eulittoral rockpools)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Among the mobile boulders of the littoral fringe are
populations of rough and small periwinkles. </span><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In this high energy environment organisms are confined to
crevices and nooks, where they are buffeted from the full force of the waves
and potential dislodgement. Habitat classification: </span><span style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; text-align: center;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; text-align: center;">LR.FLR.Lic.(Lichens on supralittoral and littoral fringe rock) EUNIS: B3.11</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8BBo5wrW5J1LnTkD0LjgsaJkNz-qynqtNH_TP5xLMK3iPV79E-kex-761isck58dZL6HEe6r_0W_oZM2Y60RWBFO1h8IHIvAseK8UvXyiRT_Z-tXZLgcKfq7V4jRB-27MluNNer8Y8m4C/s1600/IMGP1156cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8BBo5wrW5J1LnTkD0LjgsaJkNz-qynqtNH_TP5xLMK3iPV79E-kex-761isck58dZL6HEe6r_0W_oZM2Y60RWBFO1h8IHIvAseK8UvXyiRT_Z-tXZLgcKfq7V4jRB-27MluNNer8Y8m4C/s400/IMGP1156cr.jpg" width="323" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Small and rough periwinkles aggregate in a boulder crevice.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Wave exposure drives the distribution of many organisms on
the shore. A larger boulder provides shelter from the waves and resists rolling
enabling it to support a community of limpets, periwinkles and barnacles.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjH24sC9NqsQq9z_3uGgVTELxam38ZvqGTyCpMqB-VS4yVuQ62NIlM1_QM9YLrIqbvJJrwEeGp_3yl0oPKIb-rgLIuLCRDcMEuAo76n8WV3uGbd_xkxNXc9JKPRNmBVhmICy-SxPm2W_fh6/s1600/IMGP1157cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="456" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjH24sC9NqsQq9z_3uGgVTELxam38ZvqGTyCpMqB-VS4yVuQ62NIlM1_QM9YLrIqbvJJrwEeGp_3yl0oPKIb-rgLIuLCRDcMEuAo76n8WV3uGbd_xkxNXc9JKPRNmBVhmICy-SxPm2W_fh6/s640/IMGP1157cr.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="text-align: start;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Waves pick up and roll boulders that lie within the gullies ‘ grinding’ away much of the epifauna. </span></span><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: start;">Those that survive seek refuge within crevices of the bedrock or, occur on larger boulders/bedrock that is not subjected to the same forces.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyvCybjnuKae8lt17l0xLRUYRMOf-EESn4gpdiUgdUmaCnXH_HHjRFQYehKbQQb2eGVnqWvxc6tWBgLcMvu9O9g-RXG9DUTvCdF7Db9tisZ-xpLLg2fBqRhLK0LRO8siV6Xgjxv7AwRw_4/s1600/IMGP1160cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="278" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyvCybjnuKae8lt17l0xLRUYRMOf-EESn4gpdiUgdUmaCnXH_HHjRFQYehKbQQb2eGVnqWvxc6tWBgLcMvu9O9g-RXG9DUTvCdF7Db9tisZ-xpLLg2fBqRhLK0LRO8siV6Xgjxv7AwRw_4/s640/IMGP1160cr.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">However, during winter storms even the bedrock fractures and
comes away! Demonstrating the strength of the waves hitting these shores and the
ability of wave exposure to modify the
environmental conditions experienced by the organisms and/or dislodge the organisms
themselves!</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<tr><td><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUrZiEXtaCZhB3TaN-qV0GduS7Zul2Udl-DuEoB-zAzgYDn4fBbf33P1aAZ1Sx4HQRv5RHU9KWK6OViAdFq5txtty5o5ZzRd73FAGCRjhASFGURl42HAtHBt9vHMxH38YLAgQRzdiTlqzA/s1600/IMGP1179cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="526" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUrZiEXtaCZhB3TaN-qV0GduS7Zul2Udl-DuEoB-zAzgYDn4fBbf33P1aAZ1Sx4HQRv5RHU9KWK6OViAdFq5txtty5o5ZzRd73FAGCRjhASFGURl42HAtHBt9vHMxH38YLAgQRzdiTlqzA/s640/IMGP1179cr.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Exposed uppershore bedrock is covered in dense barnacles, with crevices jammed by mussels, anemones and coralline seaweeds. Small periwinkles occur among the barnacles, seeking shelter within the dead barnacle tests. The black lichen <i>Lichina pygmaea</i> forms tufts on the upper rock. All these organisms are characteristic of the biotope: LR.HLR.MUSb.CHT (<i>Chthamalus </i>sp on exposed upper eulittoral rock) EUNIS: A1.112.</span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Mussels (<i>M. edulis</i>) on the edge of a coralline rockpool</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiST0_9BaSNEukg59LauikBEcCIRstkiAPswVmk_27ePmDlFdVilg0sWEG3zReKzAiRhP8MyOAz31cCVshysdHmqVl6sqW48p3vJlVJAC-X0UDkR_R2XFITQvc8I5FvxClW0-NZ9T5-viwF/s1600/IMGP1199cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="278" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiST0_9BaSNEukg59LauikBEcCIRstkiAPswVmk_27ePmDlFdVilg0sWEG3zReKzAiRhP8MyOAz31cCVshysdHmqVl6sqW48p3vJlVJAC-X0UDkR_R2XFITQvc8I5FvxClW0-NZ9T5-viwF/s640/IMGP1199cr.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span style="text-align: start;">At this time of year the ephemeral seaweeds within rockpools, Fucoids and s</span>ome patches of <i>Lichina pygmaea</i> have died back.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;"><span style="font-size: small; text-align: start;"> There is also ‘New life’ as young fucoid fronds defy the elements<br /></span></td></tr>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRpsrcZQntxet7_zi-VeOT61nvt3BMv0C7XtQS_4Uqtd0q8VO3JPQ3PkREft_XbuVoc4cCN5bfF4M2-wPa-vVlDvpdhARuDN4N8qp1GymGPKMhnJGjg4NPG1FLZQyfQ8yBOdAa4h4E6jHO/s1600/IMGP1163cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="458" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRpsrcZQntxet7_zi-VeOT61nvt3BMv0C7XtQS_4Uqtd0q8VO3JPQ3PkREft_XbuVoc4cCN5bfF4M2-wPa-vVlDvpdhARuDN4N8qp1GymGPKMhnJGjg4NPG1FLZQyfQ8yBOdAa4h4E6jHO/s640/IMGP1163cr.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">On areas of lower lying bedrock and boulders seaweeds,
topshells and dog whelks increase in abundance. The lichen <i>V mucosa</i> is characteristic of this biotope, as is an increase in
fucoid and red seaweeds, such as<i> Osmundea</i>
sp with the relative abundances varying throughout the year. Topshells,
dogwhelks, anemones and <i>Patella depressa</i>
are also characteristic. <o:p></o:p>Habitat classification: LR.MUSb.Sem (<i>Semibalanus balanoides</i> on exposed to moderately exposed or vertical sheltered eulittoral rock) EUNIS: A1.113.</span></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /><i style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium; text-align: start;">Patella depressa</i><span style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; text-align: start;"> among barnacles and limpets.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Rhodophyta</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Shallow coralline rockpools of the upper to mod eulittoral. Habitat classification: LR.FLR.Rkp.Cor (Coralline crust dominated shallow eulittoral rockpools) EUNIS:A1.411.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><i>Scytosiphon lomentaria</i> is present in some of the rockpools, as the
season goes on this will be one of the most common brown seaweeds in the
coralline rockpools of the upper eulittoral.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="text-align: start;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">At this time of year the ephemeral seaweeds within rockpools have died back, whilst the coralline and perennial brown seaweeds are beginning to show new growth. </span></span><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">These coralline rockpools of the mid and lower eulittoral
support a greater diversity of seaweeds, including <i>Bifurcaria bifurcata</i>,<i> Corallina officinalis</i>,
coralinaceae crusts and the early growths of ephemeral green seaweeds, along
with beadlet anemones, china limpets, flat topshells and thick topshells</span></span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;">.<br /></span><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">The snakelocks anemone occurs in the shallow coralline rockpools of the lower eulittoral.</span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Seaweeds are almost absent from the rockpools of the lower
shore at this time of year. Possible due to the ‘grinding’ nature within these pools during this
time of year. The only seaweed to persist is an ephemeral green.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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RainbowNaturehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05648165269403242672noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-832591352233238802.post-6165022105831435332016-04-10T10:01:00.000-07:002016-04-12T09:17:37.963-07:00Rockpooling Destination: Revisit West Penwith, December, 2015<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfhvlUCsGX0xyFg3OvkQuB5flu-m6fmEq9b4_wlyVcuOd8WRb4ofNtHlYMaVr1isoRfWpCcuBMTiPKziVYKQBtahiG_3Q-uQi2_lLe4IzeEIQzTd-JnRIwAshGzvJ9Fg2SoeorMEvcqw7I/s1600/IMG_4992cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfhvlUCsGX0xyFg3OvkQuB5flu-m6fmEq9b4_wlyVcuOd8WRb4ofNtHlYMaVr1isoRfWpCcuBMTiPKziVYKQBtahiG_3Q-uQi2_lLe4IzeEIQzTd-JnRIwAshGzvJ9Fg2SoeorMEvcqw7I/s400/IMG_4992cr.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">The rocky shore is comprised of boulders and bedrock with rockpools, crevices and gullies. Habitat classification: LR.HLR (High energy littoral rock) EUNIS: A1.1 , LR.FLR.Rkp (Rockpools) EUNIS:A1.41 and </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">LR.FLR.Lic.(Lichens on supralittoral and littoral fringe rock)</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"> EUNIS: B3.11</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">The rocky shore is a high energy environment comprised of boulders and bedrock with rock pools, crevices and gullies.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">The high energy environment of the shore leads to an extended lichen zone, that descends over much of the boulder field, which apart from Littorinids is relatively barren. Patches of lichens extend further down into the barnacle communities, which dominate from the upper to lower shore, interdispersed by shallow coralline rockpools in the mid shore, and deeper cobble filled rockpools on the lower shore. As the low tide mark is reached wave tolerant seaweeds lace the gullies.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Habitat classification:</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">Substrate<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">LR (Littoral rock)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">Habitat<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">LR.HLR (High energy littoral rock)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<td colspan="3" rowspan="2" style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 75.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 182.7pt;" width="244"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">LR.FLR (Features of littoral rock)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">Biotope complex<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">LR.HLR. MusB (Mussel and/or barnacle
communities)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">LR.HLR.FR (Robust fucoid and/or red
seaweed communities)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<td colspan="2" rowspan="3" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 118.35pt;" width="158"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;"> LR.FLR.Lic.(Lichens on
supralittoral and littoral fringe rock).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">LR.FLR.Rkp (Rockpools)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">Biotope<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">LR.HLR.MusB.Cht (Chthamalus sp on
exposed upper eulittoral rock)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">LR.HLR.MusB.Sem (Semibalanus
balanoides on exposed to moderately exposed or vertical
sheltered eulittoral rock)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">LR.FLR.Lic.Ver (Verrucaria Maura
on littoral fringe rock)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">LR.FLR.Lic.YG (Yellow and grey
lichens on supralittoral rock)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<td rowspan="2" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 15.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 64.35pt;" width="86"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 8.5pt;">LR.FLR.Rkp.Cor (Coralline crust
dominated shallow eulittoral rockpools)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Below are images of the organisms you may encounter in these habitats:</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_6T2g6GoYKMDC_yEJ_lDj2oUT1a3aVHLVHAogcWPGINUDIW7g_Dz4ITiTrTAkcSh2eRqvd2JOp46Dlb4CWs7qkynkLhnS9asyhWkErNPVpsYZeeipBInYJwfzu_AtnH9pI0TIwvuZn0sz/s1600/IMG_5000cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_6T2g6GoYKMDC_yEJ_lDj2oUT1a3aVHLVHAogcWPGINUDIW7g_Dz4ITiTrTAkcSh2eRqvd2JOp46Dlb4CWs7qkynkLhnS9asyhWkErNPVpsYZeeipBInYJwfzu_AtnH9pI0TIwvuZn0sz/s400/IMG_5000cr.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">A 'By the wind sailor' (V<i>elella velella</i>) washed up high onto the shore. This is a pelagic hydrozoa that is often washed up onto shores during the winter months.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9iS_F_JGQdRfme0v4cGdzaP4AxIsjyH7QwQaoP6keZmFR2_FuXssfQbtcr7Vy1ZhrBGTMSD_-hr9mvrDY9_iDxv0jZerQuvnjJnXK8SefnhTFx7E7VNvBI_vnTQ4VMfUkyRSuIAtmA0lp/s1600/IMG_4994cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9iS_F_JGQdRfme0v4cGdzaP4AxIsjyH7QwQaoP6keZmFR2_FuXssfQbtcr7Vy1ZhrBGTMSD_-hr9mvrDY9_iDxv0jZerQuvnjJnXK8SefnhTFx7E7VNvBI_vnTQ4VMfUkyRSuIAtmA0lp/s640/IMG_4994cr.jpg" width="480" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Lichens have a patchy distribution, covering the larger and more stable boulders and bedrock of the supralittoral and littoral</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> fringe rock. Habitat classification: <span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;">LR.FLR.Lic.(Lichens on supralittoral and littoral fringe rock)</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"> EUNIS: B3.11.</span></span></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihJdWw7c-h-NzHsT3oMIs0QfHJGhZpPZxsKJiu3WCEE2WN1e_P_QZVP16id8u6hpWeib2MXsc3mDfIAYXZ0VC_ESjK41pmgyA4R7YK5A6rIajsoxvUhQfmvdzl0Nyy19QSaF1wT6xsH5Ax/s1600/crIMG_5008.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihJdWw7c-h-NzHsT3oMIs0QfHJGhZpPZxsKJiu3WCEE2WN1e_P_QZVP16id8u6hpWeib2MXsc3mDfIAYXZ0VC_ESjK41pmgyA4R7YK5A6rIajsoxvUhQfmvdzl0Nyy19QSaF1wT6xsH5Ax/s400/crIMG_5008.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Many boulders are too mobile to facilitate lichen growth, in such circumstances lichen growth is restricted to areas surrounding 'protected' crevices.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhX2g2LLyTbMKInd-JsM3WMZeSGKZtecRIibCDdLB_dnw_SgN-fL68Vrsub1JzrQ775Sc9mU1GuLrpguvmvjAFuRYyF6PUbawx_T1I0HTjaZd9-ztqWJEhksjB4gcgjkPmVV6ocD3GT2Y66/s1600/crIMG_5001.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="532" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhX2g2LLyTbMKInd-JsM3WMZeSGKZtecRIibCDdLB_dnw_SgN-fL68Vrsub1JzrQ775Sc9mU1GuLrpguvmvjAFuRYyF6PUbawx_T1I0HTjaZd9-ztqWJEhksjB4gcgjkPmVV6ocD3GT2Y66/s640/crIMG_5001.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">The boulders of the littoral fringe support a community of rough and small periwinkles with seasonal growths of green ephemeral seaweeds. Towards the lower extend of the littoral fringe rock, sparse barnacles are found. <span style="text-align: justify;">On the boulders where the <i>V. maura </i>is absent the littoral fringe is identified by the presence of other organisms, including rough (<i>Littorina saxatilis</i>) and small periwinkles </span><span style="text-align: justify;">(</span><i style="text-align: justify;">Melarhaphe neritoides</i><span style="text-align: justify;">) </span><span style="text-align: justify;">and sparse barnacles. The ineffective application of the JNCC and EUNIS habitat classification to the littoral fringe boulder habitat is rectified by the much broader 1993 phase 1 habitat classification which seems to capture these environments under the boulder habitat classification which is in turn is listed under the EUNIS website as comparable to the habitat classification supralittoral rock (lichen or splash zone).</span></span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiw3lEfbSjBJ2pLzmU3SIHL6cBj4_aaay9vmKzsVRkLi__jZWSzq8Erm6lWvv_Otux-MW89MXomNBL3_d0vMI6O3STuJ5HbmrZRHwmYfm27UrPNQkHWLxXJE7cvdZN7qeJpHcSRhu9y9vGv/s1600/crIMG_5010.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="576" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiw3lEfbSjBJ2pLzmU3SIHL6cBj4_aaay9vmKzsVRkLi__jZWSzq8Erm6lWvv_Otux-MW89MXomNBL3_d0vMI6O3STuJ5HbmrZRHwmYfm27UrPNQkHWLxXJE7cvdZN7qeJpHcSRhu9y9vGv/s640/crIMG_5010.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">On stable bedrock and larger boulders <i>V. maura</i> is evident. Common limpets (<i>Patella vulgata</i>), sparse barnacles and an increased diversity of periwinkles (<i>Littorina</i> sp)are also present. The mobile organisms congregate within crevices, nooks and crannies or the leeward sides of rock in a bid to avoid wave exposure.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Littorinid identifications helped by Ian Smith..... </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi29Sab7DNevLUWMjCvBzbzvEMZjGJ8-vxhCaCg6x_p8sGrbbQ2rpypIWslH9U-pK-XwXtvHwBDxXz4kAszaPGhrw7r6a54zlbR2F8qSUfNWIjGZ5xGHy-47vMNeJ61eiGKtajT747WvEav/s1600/crrUntitled.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="338" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi29Sab7DNevLUWMjCvBzbzvEMZjGJ8-vxhCaCg6x_p8sGrbbQ2rpypIWslH9U-pK-XwXtvHwBDxXz4kAszaPGhrw7r6a54zlbR2F8qSUfNWIjGZ5xGHy-47vMNeJ61eiGKtajT747WvEav/s400/crrUntitled.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Rough periwinkles (<i>Littorina saxatilis </i>agg)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhlSZUnQUSMjYpkM3dQ-pnGUZblM5xzkPWKUA90P_FtvSN_kVKK_s_c-zS6XKwFquegiqGeqPT2gHWXub1jz9iXWvK6Lip6l4ZWsV96cWyriHZMb5lM9ETqstsTqjF_DjqaED2ptno1QIC7/s1600/crUntitled1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="307" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhlSZUnQUSMjYpkM3dQ-pnGUZblM5xzkPWKUA90P_FtvSN_kVKK_s_c-zS6XKwFquegiqGeqPT2gHWXub1jz9iXWvK6Lip6l4ZWsV96cWyriHZMb5lM9ETqstsTqjF_DjqaED2ptno1QIC7/s400/crUntitled1.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Rough periwinkles (</span><i style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;">Littorina saxatilis </i><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">agg</span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxL1zqRzNKzytbE_4wc4eWV6J6LajmFcdXjzBTlpYkdhRwOW1wTrp597qLsdvoCa0jfw1b6jn9Crcj__kd9lKJs_2qUDAV8zSvfcvE3m7XgK456UyhkVaMk579xCRtFmQaDpJbCTPhf-Xt/s1600/crUntitled.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="365" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxL1zqRzNKzytbE_4wc4eWV6J6LajmFcdXjzBTlpYkdhRwOW1wTrp597qLsdvoCa0jfw1b6jn9Crcj__kd9lKJs_2qUDAV8zSvfcvE3m7XgK456UyhkVaMk579xCRtFmQaDpJbCTPhf-Xt/s400/crUntitled.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Rough periwinkles (</span><i style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;">Littorina compressa</i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgS-iyLH-u_uclqQSzmWc99CZpamMDyeUIgE6rH4hlVfyoCVrjBr77mg2PDchnaS3yLYyyCOE-tFzH6ZdNfht_trai9AaNPCmDeE9jKYsFaQEuoBuk4NmHHlJvi2C3eFou5EcftkLYhKVsu/s1600/crIMG_5003.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgS-iyLH-u_uclqQSzmWc99CZpamMDyeUIgE6rH4hlVfyoCVrjBr77mg2PDchnaS3yLYyyCOE-tFzH6ZdNfht_trai9AaNPCmDeE9jKYsFaQEuoBuk4NmHHlJvi2C3eFou5EcftkLYhKVsu/s400/crIMG_5003.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Rough periwinkles (</span><i style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;">Littorina </i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><i>compressa</i>)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDevVKJw7YQYShJJS4ged-RDXP-5Azl056ifdlMehgUsizaUrTdvnVO-hd3a3LELBcTdNcvTm6g50Du3H0lgMiOw2UEoSLEO_EI6OCTj3MH4p4w8h8FZ40NV-QnAER3vKiZntn5dbCf5-U/s1600/IMG_5002cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDevVKJw7YQYShJJS4ged-RDXP-5Azl056ifdlMehgUsizaUrTdvnVO-hd3a3LELBcTdNcvTm6g50Du3H0lgMiOw2UEoSLEO_EI6OCTj3MH4p4w8h8FZ40NV-QnAER3vKiZntn5dbCf5-U/s400/IMG_5002cr.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Rough periwinkles (</span><i style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;">Littorina </i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">sp)</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimB3bInDbJYX6_drI6aY15qXkYaqYyyjEGuTvV8mbALF60KRZ3NrKCkUfC1Rl0N0tyNUvuLK-DDm8JgLcd8hrVXSejAIo2Qdd3ZfpO7C55hF39Cn0d739X8_kL8OKKUzFuT2I4E14LnHp0/s1600/IMG_5045cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="422" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimB3bInDbJYX6_drI6aY15qXkYaqYyyjEGuTvV8mbALF60KRZ3NrKCkUfC1Rl0N0tyNUvuLK-DDm8JgLcd8hrVXSejAIo2Qdd3ZfpO7C55hF39Cn0d739X8_kL8OKKUzFuT2I4E14LnHp0/s640/IMG_5045cr.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">The bedrock of the upper eulittoral supports barnacle communities and shallow coralline rockpools. Patches of the lichen, <i>Lichina pygmaea</i> occur on certain rock faces, as does <i>Verrucaria mucosa,</i> whilst the crevices support mussels (<i>Mytilus edulis</i>), periwinkles and beadlet anemones (<i>Actina equina</i>). Habitat classification: </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small; text-align: center;">LR.HLR.MusB.Cht (Chthamalus sp on exposed upper eulittoral rock) EUNIS: A1.112 and </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">LR.HLR.MusB.Sem (<i>Semibalanus balanoides</i> on exposed to moderately exposed or vertical sheltered eulittoral rock) EUNIS: </span><span style="line-height: 17.329px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">A1.113.</span></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Patches of <i style="text-align: justify;">Lichina pygmaea </i><span style="text-align: justify;">show seasonal die back.</span></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Barnacles</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3kRf-QI_qRB3RnH46i8hDIdOBRYyIFaOdKvnnPWHrCt2IJMOGI0HJzXLbntuyP1dfnUT67g9xr5BcgxntdcD2u7-2sVuztDmFnOGkjvaMAgzssbUcRTcyEZ05eBZ2L1rBUw1I41cbi-Xa/s1600/IMG_5037cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="554" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3kRf-QI_qRB3RnH46i8hDIdOBRYyIFaOdKvnnPWHrCt2IJMOGI0HJzXLbntuyP1dfnUT67g9xr5BcgxntdcD2u7-2sVuztDmFnOGkjvaMAgzssbUcRTcyEZ05eBZ2L1rBUw1I41cbi-Xa/s640/IMG_5037cr.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Coralline rockpools occur throughout the bedrock of the eulittoral. During the winter months the ephemeral seaweeds of the pools have died back, as too has those corallinaceae crusts that were exposed to the sun. China limpets (<i>Patella ulyssiponensis</i>), <i>M. edulis</i> and the seaweeds Corallinaceae crusts, <i>Corallina officinalis, Chondrus crispus</i> and ephemeral greens can be found within these pools. Habitat classification:</span> <span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small; text-align: center;">LR.FLR.Rkp.Cor (Coralline crust dominated shallow eulittoral rockpools) EUNIS: A1.411.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_s0AbJhDPf8jBAHFJiH03psiGuSClk87JtVFXG7zOEwDmPRv9TR7HphFnqcaWxYqfwlUiiO5H6_gpeiJ9mSGoWfjUM7rh_JyKsycL6aT1uk7CcIRAcYAktSzH7O56xJ1OmeyGkDRUdXMM/s1600/IMG_5049cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="446" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_s0AbJhDPf8jBAHFJiH03psiGuSClk87JtVFXG7zOEwDmPRv9TR7HphFnqcaWxYqfwlUiiO5H6_gpeiJ9mSGoWfjUM7rh_JyKsycL6aT1uk7CcIRAcYAktSzH7O56xJ1OmeyGkDRUdXMM/s640/IMG_5049cr.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Mid eulittoral bedrock and less stable boulders, support a more patchy distribution of barnacles, and appear 'pinker' as the granite colour can be seen. Robust fucoids cling on in this environment and between the boulders are filter feeders and robust red seaweeds and beadlet anemones (<i>Actina equina</i>) and among boulders in sheltered gullies are dog whelks (<i>Nucella lapillus</i>) and topshells. Habitat classification: LR.HLR.MusB.Sem (<i>Semibalanus balanoides</i> on exposed to moderately exposed or vertical sheltered eulittoral rock) EUNIS: </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "geneva" , sans-serif; line-height: 17.329px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: small;">A1.113.</span></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4swIUooHj_GWrktCEysX3MnZB0qmO6iQ9HVBF1GkxHW6FnWblfBXjSVKrQbJ2iyOD4UYyU7vACvV-DkGw9S6cZSuA6D7D6lBouer1X9nN-J8rCVNvyZ-IWx4SlrjNvWU_ykPy2Bsu8v8p/s1600/IMG_5108cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="321" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4swIUooHj_GWrktCEysX3MnZB0qmO6iQ9HVBF1GkxHW6FnWblfBXjSVKrQbJ2iyOD4UYyU7vACvV-DkGw9S6cZSuA6D7D6lBouer1X9nN-J8rCVNvyZ-IWx4SlrjNvWU_ykPy2Bsu8v8p/s400/IMG_5108cr.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">A flat topshell (<i>Littorina</i> sp) found among the robust fucoids.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmuqJnHeH3Eo6DtE9_1B6P_Qduuhyphenhyphenbr_egfu6lIbnw7vNK6Ewyl19KhIRf0w_44KUuL4BJS1NQqyiMXh-tLZJS4ziWQ1CJ9U99dMejLVMhCjV_DaRLs7vT9FHStoOx1k3pwwnBzNHDnOKR/s1600/IMG_5024cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmuqJnHeH3Eo6DtE9_1B6P_Qduuhyphenhyphenbr_egfu6lIbnw7vNK6Ewyl19KhIRf0w_44KUuL4BJS1NQqyiMXh-tLZJS4ziWQ1CJ9U99dMejLVMhCjV_DaRLs7vT9FHStoOx1k3pwwnBzNHDnOKR/s400/IMG_5024cr.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Where wave exposure and scour from pebbles and cobbles is high, faunal cover is low.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjW17BBAn-VR45Yo1i7JB-jkcLQyLNflaHMaNL0o9BlNBURwG5DILaCP-g-ASykn3Aamu_t8Q6ZD1RnSOp0OWyCqdtEd9X-hZv5DlRLMULdxkiVnbEchnvWpKmVjRH7HtjGwrlZdmh-IlxL/s1600/IMG_5079cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="542" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjW17BBAn-VR45Yo1i7JB-jkcLQyLNflaHMaNL0o9BlNBURwG5DILaCP-g-ASykn3Aamu_t8Q6ZD1RnSOp0OWyCqdtEd9X-hZv5DlRLMULdxkiVnbEchnvWpKmVjRH7HtjGwrlZdmh-IlxL/s640/IMG_5079cr.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Bedrock of the lower eulittoral supports an ever increasing diversity of filter feeders, that form 'turfs' with the robust red seaweeds.</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small; text-align: center;">Habitat classification: LR.HLR.FR (Robust fucoid and/or red seaweed communities) EUNIS: A1.12</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwIVk7AhMK1Kw4BpFXF0u1HnGSVHRp-LIPpPczEpeS77w2q32FRl_-LYfpz8mYBExVvnsswwmkCPSNK2J9d7t73c96GipAwno0ifJd7uwaSatfrJADCyUovdfiah-0Gs_4XveejeEHyOSQ/s1600/IMG_5100cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="342" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwIVk7AhMK1Kw4BpFXF0u1HnGSVHRp-LIPpPczEpeS77w2q32FRl_-LYfpz8mYBExVvnsswwmkCPSNK2J9d7t73c96GipAwno0ifJd7uwaSatfrJADCyUovdfiah-0Gs_4XveejeEHyOSQ/s400/IMG_5100cr.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Sponges occur beneath shaded over hangs.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXXIIlubi6gN_wwpTxmOx2AYMl32cdUTHP0VasB0v1ezT1FQ0urxjTuFmA7ghos_jgc84So8GBeG6uqKutMnjnTLTmL55H9yRa8rINi3kA-Yeju1oq5eQ20vhkxttDuIvaM7j_qWy-isWN/s1600/IMG_5054cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXXIIlubi6gN_wwpTxmOx2AYMl32cdUTHP0VasB0v1ezT1FQ0urxjTuFmA7ghos_jgc84So8GBeG6uqKutMnjnTLTmL55H9yRa8rINi3kA-Yeju1oq5eQ20vhkxttDuIvaM7j_qWy-isWN/s400/IMG_5054cr.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Red seaweeds including, <i>Palmaria palmata</i>, Corallinaceae crusts and foliose reds, lace a gully of the lower eulittoral. </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHOOoqU8bC1Qug_YV8Sn5JL8o3HqsVEM1B5wlK8NUOBPFID2E37O2nQEh4QMY8eQ-PQvDtIbYgl0ng3RPi8ZMW7_LCuugf0unhJHgi3MR5ILqK4L489ngsVv8B7KhtSnE_0XiSxeD6AXI2/s1600/seaweedcr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="492" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHOOoqU8bC1Qug_YV8Sn5JL8o3HqsVEM1B5wlK8NUOBPFID2E37O2nQEh4QMY8eQ-PQvDtIbYgl0ng3RPi8ZMW7_LCuugf0unhJHgi3MR5ILqK4L489ngsVv8B7KhtSnE_0XiSxeD6AXI2/s640/seaweedcr.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px; text-align: justify;"><div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Red seaweed diversity is highest on the lower eulittoral, comprising <i>Calliblepharis</i> sp, <i>Fucus serratus</i>, <i>Chondrus crispus, Mastrocarous stellatus, </i>Corallinaceae crusts, <i>Corallina officinalis, Geldium </i>sp and others.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZZKQbbpDi6nGXonxhYNeUnEQcCQXGptHuEmY6ls7moopDYA9HvVuBOC3Popp8-NpJevz1LyoAwJCvfr1gxbD1uXryOzcSRHmwYGhuGl48VWjKlGo0Alz5Ch9OS5FE-Oi4GAVKdfJ8IGUQ/s1600/IMG_5082cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZZKQbbpDi6nGXonxhYNeUnEQcCQXGptHuEmY6ls7moopDYA9HvVuBOC3Popp8-NpJevz1LyoAwJCvfr1gxbD1uXryOzcSRHmwYGhuGl48VWjKlGo0Alz5Ch9OS5FE-Oi4GAVKdfJ8IGUQ/s400/IMG_5082cr.jpg" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">The coralline rockpools of the lower eulittoral support higher densities and diversity of red seaweeds and anemones. </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Habitat classification:</span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;"> </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small; text-align: center;">LR.FLR.Rkp.Cor (Coralline crust dominated shallow eulittoral rockpools) EUNIS: A1.411.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5mku1VGUIuwXi17WEEt_vMb5TQ_HvzztxFYrrfAG8swZu3VghWzxdgQrt79weGwTBygtTujohuhU9-R8H5xWtJ1vm1bmqGMkqS_t-pC41KYAqvs40qVwktTcjMczxrXCRBjEZU1xG2HVI/s1600/IMG_5115cr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5mku1VGUIuwXi17WEEt_vMb5TQ_HvzztxFYrrfAG8swZu3VghWzxdgQrt79weGwTBygtTujohuhU9-R8H5xWtJ1vm1bmqGMkqS_t-pC41KYAqvs40qVwktTcjMczxrXCRBjEZU1xG2HVI/s400/IMG_5115cr.jpg" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">In those rockpools filled with coarser sediment the diversity is less.</span></td></tr>
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<br />RainbowNaturehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05648165269403242672noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-832591352233238802.post-34995236001873168672016-04-05T12:03:00.000-07:002016-04-05T12:03:13.479-07:00Rockpooling Destination: Revisit Hemsby, March 2016<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">The intertidal sediments experience periods of erosion and deposition which in turn influence the sediments and organisms found or washed up on the shore.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">In March the strandlines separate in to an upper, comprised of bryozoa (predominantly <i>Flustra foliacea</i>) and a lower, comprised of red seaweeds (predominantly combweed, <i>Plocamium</i> sp).</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">The sediments of the shore in March, comprise coarser elements than during the summer.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxMjiNLQH53WumVLRz_PoIh9fyeuTEANj0JyDgqt8hXXFLDJc2TPtSRxXt-wu8A__cEWj5_etszCGuespAos6n3Z4TvUhYGlaV11D6oviv79zPkgtZupcwfl9UWCokVrUOnQ5RGQhh3rn3/s1600/20160320_165450.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxMjiNLQH53WumVLRz_PoIh9fyeuTEANj0JyDgqt8hXXFLDJc2TPtSRxXt-wu8A__cEWj5_etszCGuespAos6n3Z4TvUhYGlaV11D6oviv79zPkgtZupcwfl9UWCokVrUOnQ5RGQhh3rn3/s640/20160320_165450.jpg" width="384" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">March 2016</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCc45xVEM-fyNAaUW3MoHnJnjHM2mBhYlRJoBT1YoyP0LX9uHgc-s3CaUOR6mrXoll2qmplI3LpgftORpJmeD6iFDjvH3L-OezH7VrkwgafmNjvFkvq_t9Gsrs9qozIo5IJrEtsQQwKWw/s1600/f+456.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCc45xVEM-fyNAaUW3MoHnJnjHM2mBhYlRJoBT1YoyP0LX9uHgc-s3CaUOR6mrXoll2qmplI3LpgftORpJmeD6iFDjvH3L-OezH7VrkwgafmNjvFkvq_t9Gsrs9qozIo5IJrEtsQQwKWw/s400/f+456.JPG" width="400" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">The shore in Summer, 2014</span></td></tr>
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RainbowNaturehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05648165269403242672noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-832591352233238802.post-13171656350754370382016-03-18T01:38:00.002-07:002016-03-18T01:51:31.475-07:00Characterising species of the littoral fringe rock<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"> </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">The littoral fringe zone occurs between the supralittoral and eulittoral
zones and in some cases is considered a terrestrial habitat i.e. within
the EUNIS classification it is placed with the coastal habitats and
the supralittoral and littoral fringe lichen communities come under the
one broad habitat complex, Lichens or small green algae on supralittoral and
littoral fringe rock B3.11. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">The littoral fringe receives the salt spray from the waves, as such,
those shores experiencing greater exposure and salt spray from waves have
larger littoral fringe zones. Rock altitude, angle, shade and local climate
also influence the extent of the zone. These factors also effect the
distinction between the supralittoral and littoral fringe communities so that
sometimes they are distinct or are intermingled.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">The littoral fringe zone is often characterised by rocks covered in
the black tar lichen (<i>Verrucaria maura</i>), rough periwinkles, channel
wrack, ephemeral seaweeds, sparse barnacles and pools with variable salinity and temperatures. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16pt;">Other organisms that come under the broad lichen habitat complex (LR.FLR.Lic) that are also characteristic of
littoral fringe communities are green seaweeds such</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 21.3333px;"> as </span><i style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 21.3333px;">Blidingia</i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 21.3333px;"> sp, </span><i style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 21.3333px;">Ulothrix</i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 21.3333px;"> sp and </span><i style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 21.3333px;">Urospora</i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 21.3333px;"> sp that can</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16pt;"> characterise areas of littoral fringe soft rock or vertical rock where there is fresh
water run off. </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16pt;"><span style="font-size: large;">The organisms living in this zone are
highly specialized to endure variable salinity and extended periods
of air exposure. </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhuGFUZQkZ7x7LnhaJcKBnp5nBloTj37p9iaHwt6cvIfVNuAMeJpWXtXLWm8VTNZaLU5UJEgZ-n3a_RBnozUrG0VdY46aeco_gfH2B1SJ8r4SWS6aMaJ994iv2cqxDMXmLKi1_8o4h_kfY7/s1600/comp1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="245" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhuGFUZQkZ7x7LnhaJcKBnp5nBloTj37p9iaHwt6cvIfVNuAMeJpWXtXLWm8VTNZaLU5UJEgZ-n3a_RBnozUrG0VdY46aeco_gfH2B1SJ8r4SWS6aMaJ994iv2cqxDMXmLKi1_8o4h_kfY7/s400/comp1.png" width="400" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span style="text-align: left;">The littoral fringe can often be discernible from a distance by the presence of the black tar lichen </span><span style="line-height: 18px; text-align: left;">(</span><i style="line-height: 18px; text-align: left;">Verrucaria maura</i><span style="line-height: 18px; text-align: left;">) that covers the rock, above which the rocks of the supralittoral appear light grey whilst below the rocks of the eulittoral appear beige.</span></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span style="text-align: left;">High wave exposure leads to an extended splash zone enabling lichens to colonise further up the cliffs. In the photograph above two distinct bands of differing lichen communities can be seen. At the highest position on the supralittoral are yellow and grey lichens, whilst on the littoral fringe below <i>V.</i></span><i style="text-align: left;"> maura</i><span style="text-align: left;"> covers the bedrock. Habitat classification: LR.FLR.Lic.YG (Yellow and grey lichens on supralittoral rock) EUNIS: B3111 and L</span><span style="line-height: 18px; text-align: left;">R.FLR.Lic.Ver (<i>Verrucaria maura</i> on littoral fringe rock) EUNIS: B3.113.</span></span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">Variations in rock altitude can lead to a mosaic like distribution of the supralittoral and littoral fringe lichen communities. Also at this altitude on the shore fluctuating temperatures and salinity lead to prolific growth of <i>Ulva</i> spp (formally <i>Entomorpha</i> spp) in some of the rockpools. Habitat classification: </span><span style="text-align: left;">LR.FLR.Lic.YG (Yellow and grey lichens on supralittoral rock) EUNIS: B3111, L</span><span style="line-height: 18px; text-align: left;">R.FLR.Lic.Ver (<i>Verrucaria maura</i> on littoral fringe rock) EUNIS: B3.113 and </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"> LR.FLR.Rkp.G (Green seaweeds </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">(</span><i style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;">Entomorpha</i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"> spp</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">. and </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><i>Cladophora</i> spp.</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">) in shallow upper shore rock pools) EUNIS: A1.421. </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">The lichen communities are not always present on unstable rock substrates, and this can make the distinction between the the supralittoral and littoral fringe difficult. On the shore above the supralittoral and littoral fringe rock is distinguishable by its 'white colour' as these boulders do not experience daily submergence. The yellow and grey lichens of the supralittoral are able to grow on the boulders of the most upper shore that have been thrown up during storms and are only rolled during the most extreme storms, however the remaining boulders of the supralittoral and littoral fringe are rolled just enough during periodic storms to prevent their growth.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">On the shore above the boulders are larger and more stable allowing for a more established and diverse lichen community to develop. The black tar lichen (<i>V. maura</i>) is still absent from many of the boulders that would occupy the altitude of the littoral fringe but does occur on the bedrock of this height. On the boulders where the <i>V. maura </i>is absent the littoral fringe is identified by the presence of other organisms, including rough (<i>Littorina saxatilis</i>) and small periwinkles </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">(</span><i style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;">Melarhaphe neritoides</i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">) </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">and sparse barnacles. The ineffective application of the JNCC and EUNIS habitat classification to the littoral fringe boulder habitat is rectified by the much broader 1993 phase 1 habitat classification which seems to capture these environments under the boulder habitat classification which is in turn listed under the EUNIS website as comparable to the habitat classification supralittoral rock (lichen or splash zone).</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span style="line-height: 107%;">On stable bedrock
the black lichen,<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>V. maura</i><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>is one of the most characteristic
species of the littoral fringe. Living among this lichen you may also encounter<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>L. saxatilis</i>, ephemeral
seaweeds and sparse barnacles. Because of the extended period
of exposure the organisms tend to aggregate in crevices or shaded
areas in order to reduce desiccation. The rockpools of the
littoral fringe are species poor. Fluctuating temperatures and salinity lead
to prolific growth of <i>Ulva</i> spp (formally <i>Entomorpha</i> spp)
in some of the rockpools whilst others support the occassional amphipod.
Habitat classification: LR.FLR.Lic.Ver (<i>Verrucaria maura</i> on
littoral fringe rock) EUNIS: B3.113 and LR.FLR.Rkp.G (Green seaweeds (<i style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;">Entomorpha</i> spp. and <i>Cladophora</i> spp.) in shallow
upper shore rock pools) EUNIS: A1.421. </span><span style="line-height: 107%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 107%;">A characteristic species
of the lower littoral fringe rock of some shores is channel wrack (<i>Pelvetia canaliculata</i>)
and on moderately exposed shores an accompanying spare
barnacle community. Habitat classification: LR.MLR.BF.PelB (<i style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Pelvetia canaliculata</i> and barnacles
on moderately exposed littoral fringe rock) EUNIS: A1.211.</span><span style="line-height: 107%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><i><span style="line-height: 107%;">P. canaliculata </span></i><span style="line-height: 107%;">cover increases on sheltered shores and the there is no associated
barnacle community. Habitat classification: LR.LLR.F.Pel (<i>Pelvetia canaliculata</i> on sheltered littoral
fringe rock) EUNIS: A1.321.</span><span style="line-height: 107%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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RainbowNaturehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05648165269403242672noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-832591352233238802.post-16461386997493181742016-03-07T10:59:00.000-08:002016-03-07T11:23:45.410-08:00Rockpooling destination: Hemsby, March 2016<div class="MsoNormal">
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<span style="font-size: large;">During the months of February and March the eggcases of a variety of rays, skates and catshark are washed up onto the Norfolk shores. Common eggcases that can be found include the Thornback and Spotted ray and the curly ended eggcases of the catshark. Sometimes you can find the larger Blonde ray eggcases.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-eDvKqqZal7SU6mTpE8d326wYyH73JJbEMowfwJrSICkKcBneAPMBzsG1fFpYufr7fh76xPNBQgPOSKQ3D8xhqeKZlcL_fG9_tmM5kGaZv3oqCevJZDYS2_omse1A-oxRSwJ0b7PHTAF5/s1600/comp.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="388" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-eDvKqqZal7SU6mTpE8d326wYyH73JJbEMowfwJrSICkKcBneAPMBzsG1fFpYufr7fh76xPNBQgPOSKQ3D8xhqeKZlcL_fG9_tmM5kGaZv3oqCevJZDYS2_omse1A-oxRSwJ0b7PHTAF5/s640/comp.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large; line-height: 18.4px; text-align: start;">A walk along the shore turned up some nice mermaid purses and lots of the bryozoan, </span><i style="font-size: x-large; line-height: 18.4px; text-align: start;">Flustra foliacea.</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<br />RainbowNaturehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05648165269403242672noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-832591352233238802.post-31663411640284572842016-03-04T14:34:00.000-08:002016-03-04T14:34:21.833-08:00Unexpected creatures of the intertidal: Featherstar<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">A video of a featherstar (<i>Antedon bifida) </i>found on the intertidal of St. Martins, Isles of Scilly.</span><br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dxq55RjZYfkuLMuR3eDbMFBXWPqt-zU7TsrlqKWwA9IkjGlqtRm9A0I-GlklqL8BO1nnFmTGnJtERp1XKfENA' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div>
<br />RainbowNaturehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05648165269403242672noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-832591352233238802.post-78964679216202182132016-02-29T10:44:00.002-08:002016-02-29T10:44:30.856-08:00Characterising species of the supralittoral zone<div style="text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAno6R-VSfEmP3rKPdHWVnWaxr21JxwVZOC3bCLC8JdEx9EdUBKCcjArO47OsyI2oQ_sWgtT9OjS4XQQHXHvVEJ5yLf0Fkepbuqz8sSUR8wlXdgHb7uWf3ngVl3WL7AuU_Y0-loULUCwA/s1600/IMGP0738.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAno6R-VSfEmP3rKPdHWVnWaxr21JxwVZOC3bCLC8JdEx9EdUBKCcjArO47OsyI2oQ_sWgtT9OjS4XQQHXHvVEJ5yLf0Fkepbuqz8sSUR8wlXdgHb7uWf3ngVl3WL7AuU_Y0-loULUCwA/s400/IMGP0738.JPG" width="400" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">The supralittoral zone marks the upper extent of the intertidal and in
some cases is considered a terrestrial habitat i.e within the EUNIS
classification it is placed with the coastal habitats.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
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<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The supralittoral or 'splash
zone' is the area at the top of the shore that receives the salt spray from the
waves, as such, those shores experiencing greater exposure and salt spray from
waves have larger supralittoral zones. Rock angle, shade and local climate
also influence the extent of the zone.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">The supralittoral zone
is characterised by rocks covered in lichens,
salt tolerant angiosperm and pools with </span><span style="font-size: 18.6667px; line-height: 21.4667px;">variable</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;"> salinity and temperatures.
The organisms are highly specialized to endure variable salinity,
periods of exposure and occasional immersion during storms. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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</div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjumtEG8D5LDDLO4BNeEdeczGdUDgnGO7r6yAGOwoDZWkCEgR1Ahy-16fYfHjeY6PtE4IAt7LZr5bqlZc7xMQKxQsuhdvwI5USds8eLFh0L3RLwPAjtP1yZzEf3rZSFGavnsP4OgvHNIKQ/s1600/comp1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="530" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjumtEG8D5LDDLO4BNeEdeczGdUDgnGO7r6yAGOwoDZWkCEgR1Ahy-16fYfHjeY6PtE4IAt7LZr5bqlZc7xMQKxQsuhdvwI5USds8eLFh0L3RLwPAjtP1yZzEf3rZSFGavnsP4OgvHNIKQ/s640/comp1.png" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
<div style="font-size: 12.8px;">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Lichens are one of the
characteristic species of the supralittoral and often come to dominate the
available rock. Concordantly the presence of lichens is a key
component in the habitat classification of supralittoral rock and is
captured by the habitat description: LR.FLR.Lic.YG (Yellow and grey
lichens on supralittoral rock) EUNIS: B3.111.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">One of the few mobile species to
extend up into the supralittoral from the intertidal is the rough periwinkle (<i>Littorina
saxatilis</i>). </span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><br /></span>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigX-VD-daMejuAHQir0Gpnr3yGn4vR6NEviFuY8c7YkiEud41Fx6zj7rhRxAhi83oEYUM30cijwNfKDe-rUlXn2v2JEu6IBt0uqhr4Pv8Q3bVdXIzkPSPLCtkBD0xRN0FH-eSQBhYKNp-n/s1600/sea+ivory.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigX-VD-daMejuAHQir0Gpnr3yGn4vR6NEviFuY8c7YkiEud41Fx6zj7rhRxAhi83oEYUM30cijwNfKDe-rUlXn2v2JEu6IBt0uqhr4Pv8Q3bVdXIzkPSPLCtkBD0xRN0FH-eSQBhYKNp-n/s200/sea+ivory.JPG" width="200" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFzCQidajowmRWILZmUWbdlxEU6MHkL8z8d8T4IyVCH7Ohx5Zh-1afGIEqgkz3VnMk8LXRplDMUfuaRy5KHYBFr2CDW5fHbTsbzmNUB1TqIaJQ9MD98L3Z0aeLeSjUfOHUk8jVyw8OO8TQ/s1600/black+shields.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFzCQidajowmRWILZmUWbdlxEU6MHkL8z8d8T4IyVCH7Ohx5Zh-1afGIEqgkz3VnMk8LXRplDMUfuaRy5KHYBFr2CDW5fHbTsbzmNUB1TqIaJQ9MD98L3Z0aeLeSjUfOHUk8jVyw8OO8TQ/s200/black+shields.JPG" width="200" /></a><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8gYS7IljRMWvbjbXi56oTKI94OMENKvfo0Uv77DxWqapOahIVb25j8ngZqt3lnGxN01I5oVFYv-nES7XRKk0ht-aA3EOlS-dgJrQ5OY6JOq4iekXAEK13qTiSrNyZ2j_chFnXkf8JKfGN/s200/sea+ivory%252C+orange+lichen%252C+parelle.JPG" width="200" /></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">A variety of grey and yellow lichens can be found in the supralittoral.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibdtu4JuqS9T49Ehjn5NyCVPcqC5WaobSOIU6-0tb8XqrHbEzrXJ5AD8oaKnFiLF-p-TipNCgwQ5zrNSPfIPFnkoVl3CxpBHLjn1Oax0um3CcEmK2Y206IE22mPhvEOK-Zi3CqPD-9pYBB/s1600/6.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibdtu4JuqS9T49Ehjn5NyCVPcqC5WaobSOIU6-0tb8XqrHbEzrXJ5AD8oaKnFiLF-p-TipNCgwQ5zrNSPfIPFnkoVl3CxpBHLjn1Oax0um3CcEmK2Y206IE22mPhvEOK-Zi3CqPD-9pYBB/s400/6.jpg" width="400" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="text-align: justify;">The seaslater (</span><i style="text-align: justify;">Ligia oceanica</i><span style="text-align: justify;">) can also be observed.</span></span></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><br /></span>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOpt2vY0cH2vYelHTFUnwHt5UsgBeOMqBxvwaszp7lQNXeV_g2CYsH4Eziu9MX9jkL3xcbE0o-HhnBQfFXUpj6uNmExLJiMg6MwE21xOxrXBjbfmoMs_-PUkl_0nAu1kSNqsCbvyuLbPM/s1600/IMGP0250.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOpt2vY0cH2vYelHTFUnwHt5UsgBeOMqBxvwaszp7lQNXeV_g2CYsH4Eziu9MX9jkL3xcbE0o-HhnBQfFXUpj6uNmExLJiMg6MwE21xOxrXBjbfmoMs_-PUkl_0nAu1kSNqsCbvyuLbPM/s400/IMGP0250.JPG" width="400" /></a></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">Salt tolerant plants can also occur.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg__C7EoWK97OP4goaQaT6EhSXcOVw29ITOLK8WN4wMHK9DLjBluFKJJzFCvG9Q-yUfe9ECkek0eDCbRJBOS3G0OGoxysOVKdhXo7VFbA3ulmnLf_1tpX0LGcnrO2LWC4IT659xiDwW17s/s1600/IMGP0251.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg__C7EoWK97OP4goaQaT6EhSXcOVw29ITOLK8WN4wMHK9DLjBluFKJJzFCvG9Q-yUfe9ECkek0eDCbRJBOS3G0OGoxysOVKdhXo7VFbA3ulmnLf_1tpX0LGcnrO2LWC4IT659xiDwW17s/s400/IMGP0251.JPG" width="300" /></a></span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnFHvWADBx4rGDibE9rdL0LU9QNEz_DIaE9p86IHqayXeqFQA5iL9Po2qsW-ZO3fqKyhwPtXLOVGH1J5NAe19pJjtm2z6puB6mOLrTT7SvnAqfwXg1QtntRJfVpDaYTUL5MNdeTC-ItcQ/s1600/IMGP0640.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnFHvWADBx4rGDibE9rdL0LU9QNEz_DIaE9p86IHqayXeqFQA5iL9Po2qsW-ZO3fqKyhwPtXLOVGH1J5NAe19pJjtm2z6puB6mOLrTT7SvnAqfwXg1QtntRJfVpDaYTUL5MNdeTC-ItcQ/s400/IMGP0640.JPG" width="300" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: small;">The distinction between the lichen and plant communities of the supralittoral and the terrestrial vegetation is often unclear. </span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBFps_MgCDQy2QnV5wWNdb5O7xFPm0jhVLxrRsrl-uiQhXXOyUsZoA16Rd4ud0lMbdrEPLHDO3RbanW0GtHl3iYerWRSe2WPRsIuOIlGlzrp8fQ1w7qa5GmUKMAberhPv0WeZFo4jKkbc/s1600/IMGP0803.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBFps_MgCDQy2QnV5wWNdb5O7xFPm0jhVLxrRsrl-uiQhXXOyUsZoA16Rd4ud0lMbdrEPLHDO3RbanW0GtHl3iYerWRSe2WPRsIuOIlGlzrp8fQ1w7qa5GmUKMAberhPv0WeZFo4jKkbc/s400/IMGP0803.JPG" width="300" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Rockpools within the supralittoral
experience variable salinity and temperature making them inhospitable for
many species. Habitat classification: EUNIS </span><span style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 18.4px;">A1.42 </span><span style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">(Communities of
rockpools in supralittoral zone).</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOKFB1Q6MYKK-UiCthtJYtK4qR06FttYpjajQxdZOTnCou9WFSMvO-3WwnZruui6uqBbLJZb6B8ig4mzD796_4Ip-MTknTypEtDV1coo3MQ9-7qh7LGNgdIRLofgDvwkgygABQ3vJtBMw/s1600/IMGP0802.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOKFB1Q6MYKK-UiCthtJYtK4qR06FttYpjajQxdZOTnCou9WFSMvO-3WwnZruui6uqBbLJZb6B8ig4mzD796_4Ip-MTknTypEtDV1coo3MQ9-7qh7LGNgdIRLofgDvwkgygABQ3vJtBMw/s400/IMGP0802.JPG" width="400" /></a></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In this example tadpoles are found in the supralittoal rockpools of the shore.</span></div>
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RainbowNaturehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05648165269403242672noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-832591352233238802.post-46298422739362873892016-02-23T04:16:00.001-08:002016-02-23T04:16:15.504-08:00An introduction to zonation on intertidal shores<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">Where the
land meets the sea two worlds join, one or air and the other of sea water.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">As the
tide rises and falls this stretch of land, refereed to as the intertidal
zone, alternates between being exposed to the air and covered by sea.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">The
relative environmental pressures of submergence and exposure change
retrospectively throughout the intertidal zone in relation to altitude from the
low water mark. Other factors such as predation and competition also act
to influence the communities found. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"><br />
The combination of all these factors can often result in repeated and definable
communities of species at certain altitudes and/or exposures across
the intertidal zone.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">Such
distributions of communities in relation to altitude or, height on the rocky
shore is often referred to as zonation. Zonantion is often discussed in terms
of dominant seaweeds present and is best exemplified on sheltered rocky
shores. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">Zonation
is not always clear cut (see previous blog post:
http://thesaltyscavenger.blogspot.co.uk/2014/08/rockpooling-destination-mousehole-may.html)
and is affected by factors for which altitude on the shore is often
correlated. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">The
following posts look at some of the characterising species of the general shore
'zones'; although these can be found else where, they are often characteristic
of a particular zone of the shore.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">Below are
images of some of the different intertidal zones found on UK rocky shores.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: medium;"><br /></span>
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</span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXO56VsXxlw5kzNOQ7xHRJiDZG-fy01UjOtBP8JAsiUgpUHMMiBupDf6GxZrzGylUzK5HXuMe9B_DsKdhq5gthBB9S8aBG-9tt0mEuBtVmbR32KwZC0BXpLPaJ5o9Htuktwhj1XEcecA5Z/s1600/IMGP8414.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="526" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXO56VsXxlw5kzNOQ7xHRJiDZG-fy01UjOtBP8JAsiUgpUHMMiBupDf6GxZrzGylUzK5HXuMe9B_DsKdhq5gthBB9S8aBG-9tt0mEuBtVmbR32KwZC0BXpLPaJ5o9Htuktwhj1XEcecA5Z/s640/IMGP8414.JPG" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">The different zones of the intertidal rocky
shore in relation to altitude.</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span><br /></span>
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<img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiO1Bnmn_nNPP2tIDXk7NBPGXjEGnJO-eT1vjXrLMeDtg8jolir5pYmMSQxIQz360UGiIkZgNTIxtR9yN6UbTZXbGMIIY8oBudTVSPPo58MmcHta6b9wf2URlXy72FGXZY4hFWCSgjAmHZj/s640/IMGP0796.JPG" width="546" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">The communities
on this exposed rocky shore in Shetland exhibit distinct distributions
in relation to rock altitude and exposure. Yellow and grey
lichens occur at the highest elevation of the rock and mark the supralittoral
zone. Below, the rocks of the littoral fringe appear black, from the tar lichen
(<i style="font-family: georgia, 'times new roman', serif; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;">Verrucaria maura</i>) which is overgrown on the more sheltered
vertical rock, by a fringe of the brown channel wrack (<i style="font-family: georgia, 'times new roman', serif; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;">Pelvetia canaliculata)</i>; the rocks of the upper shore become
increasingly grey due to the barnacle communities which are
inter-dispersed by patches of the black, <i style="font-family: georgia, 'times new roman', serif; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;">Lichina pygmaea. </i>Habitat classification: LR.FLR.Lic.YG
(Yellow and grey lichens on supralittoral rock) EUNIS: B3.111, LR.FLR.Lic.Ver (<i style="font-family: georgia, 'times new roman', serif; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;">Verrucaria maura</i> on littoral fringe rock) EUNIS: B3.113 and
LR.HLR.MusB.Cht (<i>Chthamalus<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></i>spp
on exposed upper eulittoral rock) EUNIS: A1.112.</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<img border="0" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTAKYIJmjOWQwBX0Onzhj-Ylk4I3I0ceNRc12Vq-YP8kVum9a2-ZY7Ky4yNapKcOIZ4q0ShbYePQicKCTCfQLtOVUmIr4ekWDIp9hNRfaNR6FP7ATvSIcTJkRQlWv1VNxOSg77OdRDjRxC/s640/1.png" width="640" /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The communities on this
sheltered rocky shore in Shetland exhibit distinct distributions in relation to
rock altitude. Yellow and grey lichens occur at the highest elevation of
the rock and mark the supralittoral zone. Below, the rocks appear black, from
the tar lichen (<i>Verrucaria maura</i>) and the eulittoral
is characterised by fucoids with a green patch
of ephemeral greens marking fresh water run
off entering the shore. Habitat
classification: LR.FLR.Lic.YG (Yellow and grey lichens on supralittoral
rock) EUNIS: B3.111, LR.FLR.Lic.Ver (<i>Verrucaria maura</i> on littoral fringe
rock) EUNIS: B3.113, LR.LLR.F (Fucoids on sheltered marine shores) EUNIS: A1.31
and LR.FLR.Eph (Ephemeral green seaweed communities - Fresh water
influenced) EUNIS: A1.45.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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RainbowNaturehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05648165269403242672noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-832591352233238802.post-54702612423773416872016-02-15T21:11:00.000-08:002016-02-15T21:11:23.734-08:00Regional names of common shore species<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">The marine animals of the shore often have
a common name in addition to their Latin name. These common names can vary around the UK. </span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">Below are some examples:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-9AWqQyHl4pq7kywPiWCSwba4zNHGTHsWCt31k0ZqrVokaWbMVYYFUiFusrlHxnOsmuCEfhWs1wpWKzz_Fxf536HouLFPAMwIF_c68GgosNjNxtnYmLceWerswBJowu5WTFqVWzb1RXRP/s1600/18+%25282%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-9AWqQyHl4pq7kywPiWCSwba4zNHGTHsWCt31k0ZqrVokaWbMVYYFUiFusrlHxnOsmuCEfhWs1wpWKzz_Fxf536HouLFPAMwIF_c68GgosNjNxtnYmLceWerswBJowu5WTFqVWzb1RXRP/s400/18+%25282%2529.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Generic common name: Common Whelk –
Shetland common name: Buckie – Latin name: </span><span class="st" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><i>Buccinum undatum</i></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="st"><i><br /></i></span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiB2KYfesx1CikFbBjp_1TG2-0J8h4Dif3P9ygp-B4kyOGs8oGavhmxGR3VPG0NuEB0xBuQTVvQ5srVtvsUHpMauztzi4Brg-LQUc4OIPZRVod-3StAZOAbINt4gPbB6P_XI2FtQa_cxBMg/s1600/trivia+monacha1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiB2KYfesx1CikFbBjp_1TG2-0J8h4Dif3P9ygp-B4kyOGs8oGavhmxGR3VPG0NuEB0xBuQTVvQ5srVtvsUHpMauztzi4Brg-LQUc4OIPZRVod-3StAZOAbINt4gPbB6P_XI2FtQa_cxBMg/s400/trivia+monacha1.JPG" width="400" /></span></a></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Generic common name: <span class="st">Three
spot<i> </i></span><em><span style="font-style: normal;">cowrie</span></em><i> – </i>Shetland common name: Grotti Buckie –
Latin name: <span class="st" style="font-style: italic;">Trivia monacha</span><span class="st"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHAvdKnAOYq2LmLYCNWxpg6vD684snpHuTPy4Qg42M3yQEY8pi2jQuUYjcTLNiOkeloNGVasRLcbszjL6hMY-uuQ9s0Nzs4cM-cuMGl9Z6R4bozAWz-bCs5lyesYtrYe_bZf8WYPUUfYpp/s1600/Littorina+littorea.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHAvdKnAOYq2LmLYCNWxpg6vD684snpHuTPy4Qg42M3yQEY8pi2jQuUYjcTLNiOkeloNGVasRLcbszjL6hMY-uuQ9s0Nzs4cM-cuMGl9Z6R4bozAWz-bCs5lyesYtrYe_bZf8WYPUUfYpp/s400/Littorina+littorea.JPG" width="400" /></span></a></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Generic common name: Edible Periwinkle –
Shetland common name: Black Whelk – Latin name: <span class="st"><i>Littorina litorea</i><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="st"><i><br /></i></span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpaYXvLWhT687BtEifZwPbD_ftLMmpjsZcEUqzz1609pDdobH_OPRF2bnJabAqz0SznqZKNTXgu28FB5_wRTpKtZdUTKUDRUd3k7pNMPVcj0o1dw2kYkL_NqVt5xzVeA5s21e6VjdT8Hrn/s1600/SHETLAND+%2528308%2529.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpaYXvLWhT687BtEifZwPbD_ftLMmpjsZcEUqzz1609pDdobH_OPRF2bnJabAqz0SznqZKNTXgu28FB5_wRTpKtZdUTKUDRUd3k7pNMPVcj0o1dw2kYkL_NqVt5xzVeA5s21e6VjdT8Hrn/s400/SHETLAND+%2528308%2529.JPG" width="400" /></span></a></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Generic common name: Goose barnacles –
Shetland common name: Claiks – Latin name: <span class="st">Lepatidae<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="st"><br /></span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSpD6IJFuSgX7V9qdNwHq4PtWwjoQ8KxkdaAHzxnhqJpv5HENjTxOLtBk7fPsZfCyDziaKOCtXgeOkYrHpQbDkYJZJx19lxLWogVGq3VFTfawZKmj9m2HyrFir5aPnn5zysR1jnNu8BRpo/s1600/IMGP7582.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSpD6IJFuSgX7V9qdNwHq4PtWwjoQ8KxkdaAHzxnhqJpv5HENjTxOLtBk7fPsZfCyDziaKOCtXgeOkYrHpQbDkYJZJx19lxLWogVGq3VFTfawZKmj9m2HyrFir5aPnn5zysR1jnNu8BRpo/s400/IMGP7582.JPG" width="400" /></span></a></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Generic common name: Razor Shell – Shetland
common name: Spoot – Latin name: <i>Ensis</i> sp</span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDnPOwYWytiTBZT1bUFUyrwDn3ALo9QVfZyLHjzY98Sdmd2jupA4e4JTJzQX9pHQX3uLu01qB7UvHekXj-F8paBEkkTQ5TwGXMXNJYZR1L1QLi99Rqlzshf0ghyphenhyphen5sDX_SQCwZ5gPRlsiLI/s400/6.jpg" width="400" /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Generic common name: Seaslater – Cornish
common name: Grammercel – Latin name: <i>Ligia
oceanica</i><span class="st" style="font-size: large;"><b><o:p></o:p></b></span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><i><br /></i></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">Because of the variance in common names
recorders log the organisms of the shore by their Latin names which do not
change regionally.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Washed up Silver Birch is referred to as gooniemans
candle is Shetland</span></span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"> </span></span><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwivjPKaXDSucTvm_AGs6WG00Uje-Wh71dgiXijeWtFmrPsgeI3OH5_Dc281XJxyWtHoBFrtlXD6Zv5r_rOjfU-W_lmyg-6DzjYgvBqIvhrw2N3LPMB3nyJFSXyQtZF1Kwvp9EUcWQZumU/s1600/SHETLAND+%2528592%2529.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><img border="0" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwivjPKaXDSucTvm_AGs6WG00Uje-Wh71dgiXijeWtFmrPsgeI3OH5_Dc281XJxyWtHoBFrtlXD6Zv5r_rOjfU-W_lmyg-6DzjYgvBqIvhrw2N3LPMB3nyJFSXyQtZF1Kwvp9EUcWQZumU/s640/SHETLAND+%2528592%2529.JPG" width="640" /></span></a></div>
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RainbowNaturehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05648165269403242672noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-832591352233238802.post-48173625340709490782015-12-18T00:09:00.004-08:002015-12-18T00:09:44.010-08:00Deep Freeze of a winter's past<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">So far this year, Winter has been particularly mild but its Winters past it has not been the case....</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">Brackish water of the Yare estuary often becomes partially frozen in winter.......</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUVu2WFhjE8Q6ZOIQ98nZ0X4wsP1RcNckwZn6f88349Q8VwijtKY9LkRcCACxjbVAoPBMflQIK1YHDO2T2ZnpL63wb9k2godY_kk3Rl6LBzJT_s4HQ3z-xhjuIR9MvzTN7l0RuOm8LNSc/s1600/DSCF6873.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUVu2WFhjE8Q6ZOIQ98nZ0X4wsP1RcNckwZn6f88349Q8VwijtKY9LkRcCACxjbVAoPBMflQIK1YHDO2T2ZnpL63wb9k2godY_kk3Rl6LBzJT_s4HQ3z-xhjuIR9MvzTN7l0RuOm8LNSc/s400/DSCF6873.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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